Adrenal insufficiency is a life-threatening condition that occurs secondary to impaired secretion of adrenal glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid hormones. This condition can be caused by primary destruction or dysfunction of the adrenal glands or impairment of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. In children, the most common causes of primary adrenal insufficiency are impaired adrenal ster...

Abstract Objective: Glucocorticoid (GC) treatment suppress the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, which may lead to tertiary adrenal insufficiency. This study aimed investigate prevalence of insufficiency among patients with oral lichen planus treated topical GC (clobetasol propionate) in cavity, a standard option for this condition. Methods: In cross-sectional study, we included 24 receiving...

Adrenal hormones, ACTH plasma concentrations and the ultrasonographic evaluation of adrenal glands are considered complementary in clinical evaluations hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis function several species. In dogs, age, size weight have a significant effect on glands. neonatal foals, measurements been demonstrated to be reliable; however, individual variables features has not inve...

ABSTRACT As a response to environmental cues, maternal glucocorticoids (GCs) may trigger adaptive developmental plasticity in the physiology and behavior of offspring. In North American red squirrels (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus), mothers exhibit increased GCs when conspecific density is elevated, selection favors more aggressive perhaps active under these conditions. We tested hypothesis that elev...

We report a case history of an 84-year-old elderly male patient that presented with a clinical picture suggestive of adrenal failure and bilateral adrenal nodules detected by abdominal computed tomography. A fine needle-guided biopsy was inconclusive for achieving a final diagnosis. The patient died due to septic shock and the autopsy disclosed histoplasmosis with extensive bilateral necrosis o...

Primary adrenal lymphoma is extremely rare. We report a young patient who presented with non- specific symptoms of fever and abdominal pain. Conventional imaging modalities demonstrated bilateral bulky adrenal masses, and whole-body fluorine-18-fluorodesoxyglucose ((18)F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography showed intense (18)F-FDG-avid bilateral adrenal masses with no evidence...

Adrenal masses have become increasingly common due to widespread use of sectional imaging. Urologists are commonly faced with management decisions in patients with adrenal masses. Systemic review of available literature related to surgical adrenal disease was performed to summarise the most pertinent information related to adrenal masses, diagnostic evaluation and surgical treatment. Detailed h...

Primary adrenal lymphoma is extremely rare. We describe a case of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of diffuse large B-cell type with right adrenal involvement. The patient received chemotherapy and external irradiation and achieved complete remission of the disease. We describe the case of primary adrenal lymphoma with a review of the literature on this unusual neoplasm. Primary adrenal lymphoma should b...

taneous rupture of adrenal tumor, such as pheochromocytoma, adrenal cortical carcinoma and adrenal myelolipoma. To the best of our knowledge, there has been only one case of adrenal metastatic tumor that caused spontaneous rupture (1). Because most extrahepatic hepatocellular carcinomas occur in patients with an advanced intrahepatic tumor stage, the first manifestation as spontaneous rupture o...

Adrenal myelolipoma with hyperandrogenemia is extremely rare. We report a case of a 26-year-old Chinese female with schizophrenia, who presented with a hormonally active tumor causing hyperandrogenemia. The mass was found by computerized tomography when she had her gynecologic examination for secondary amenorrhea, and it was confirmed to be an adrenal myelolipoma after a histopathological study...