The risk for type 2 diabetes (T2D) in ethnic minorities in Europe is higher in comparison with their European host populations. The western dietary pattern, characterized by high amounts of sugar and saturated fat (HSHF dietary pattern), has been associated with a higher risk for T2D. Information on this association in minority populations is scarce. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the HSHF ...

BACKGROUND This study investigated the household economic burden of eating disorders and cost-related non-adherence to treatment in Australia. METHODS Multi-centre prospective observational study using a structured questionnaire. Ninety participants were recruited from two clinic settings in New South Wales, Australia and from the community using social media. The primary outcome measures wer...

BACKGROUND Nonpharmacological interventions have been efficacious to control blood pressure (BP) in clinical trials, but their long-term effectiveness in clinical practice was still not documented. METHODS This is a prospective cohort study of 825 patients who received repeated nonpharmacological recommendations to treat hypertension. The outcomes were BP change and rate of BP control by patt...

Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAggEC) strains cause the persistent diarrhea in infants and compromised hosts in developing countries. These strains are currently defined as E. coli that adheres to HEp-2 cells in an aggregative adherence (AA) pattern. In this study, we compared 4 different rapid methods for the detection of EAggEC using a PCR assay, clump formation test, glass slide adhere...

Two recent Phase III clinical trials to investigate an intravaginal ring for preventing HIV infection demonstrated that adherence to prescribed device use was a primary driver of efficacy. Surrogate methods for determining adherence in the studies were limited in their inability to monitor temporal patterns of use and allow deconvolution of the effects of adherence and device efficacy on HIV in...

Adherence of fluorescein sodium dye to diseased epithelial cells, a hitherto unreported phenomenon, was captured in photomicrographs in severe herpes zoster and keratoconjunctivitis sicca keratopathies. It is notable that this phenomenon differs completely from the well known fluorescent property of the dye penetrating into defective corneal epithelium, and that the staining pattern shown by ad...

The present study was conducted in order to (i) characterize the adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) pattern and fatty acids (FAs) intakes and (ii) explore interactions between TNFA -308 G>A polymorphism and adherence to MD and FAs intakes, respectively, on overweight/obesity risk. From 2010 to 2013, 380 healthy women were enrolled, and MD score (MDS) and FAs intakes were evaluated by a Fo...

BACKGROUND As HIV infection has shifted to a chronic condition, self-care practices have emerged as an important topic for HIV-positive individuals in maintaining an optimal level of health. Self-care refers to activities that patients undertake to maintain and improve health, such as strategies to achieve and maintain high levels of antiretroviral adherence. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Te...

OBJECTIVE The objective of this work was to elucidate aspects of organizational culture associated with hospital performance in perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis using quantitative data in a multicenter and multidimensional study. DESIGN Cross-sectional retrospective study using a survey data and administrative data. SETTING Eighty-three acute hospitals in Japan. PARTICIPANTS A total o...

The ultimate goal of asthma care is to obtain and maintain control, and optimise prognosis for patients [1]. Monitoring and treatment adjustments tailored to patients’ needs and wishes are essential to achieve controlled asthma and are therefore a fundamental part of comprehensive asthma management. However, the best strategy for asthma monitoring and its frequency are still unknown [2]. In dai...