In mammalian brown adipose tissue, thermogenesis is explained by uncoupling mitochondrial respiration from ATP synthesis. Uncoupling protein-1 (UCP1) is responsible for this uncoupled state, because it allows proton re-entry into the matrix and thus dissipates the proton gradient generated by the respiratory chain. Proton transport by UCP1 is regulated negatively by nucleotides and positively b...

Nesfatin-1, an 82 amino acid gastric peptide, is involved in regulation of food uptake and in multiple metabolic activities. Whether nesfatin-1 modulates the differentiation and lipid metabolism of brown adipocytes remains unknown. In the present study, we found that nesfatin-1 mRNA and protein were detectable in isolated brown adipocytes and gradually decreased during differentiation (95% CI 0...

The degradation of azo dye C.I. Acid Red 14 (AR14) was investigated using cast iron in the absence and presence of low frequency ultrasound (59 kHz). The effects of pH, amount of cast iron ([Fe](0)) and initial concentration of AR14 ([dye](0)) on the degradation of AR14 by cast iron combined with low frequency ultrasound had been assessed. The degradation followed the first-order kinetics model...

The ozonation of synthetic wastewater containing azo dye Acid Red 14 (AR 14) was investigated in a high-throughput microporous tube-in-tube microchannel reactor. The effects of design and operating parameters such as micropore size, annular channel width, liquid volumetric flow rate, ozone-containing gas volumetric flow rate, initial pH of the solution and initial AR 14 concentration on decolor...

The biosynthetic pathways involved in the formation of four everninomicin antibiotics were studied. Carbon-14 labelled substrates added to liquid cultures of Micromonospora carbonacea var. aurantiaca revealed that acetate, malonate and glucose were good precursors. Degradation of the antibiotics revealed the primary importance of acetate and malonate for the synthesis of the dichloroisoevernini...

Brown adipose tissue (BAT) non-shivering thermogenesis impacts energy homeostasis in rodents and humans. Mitochondrial uncoupling protein 1 in brown fat cells produces heat by dissipating the energy generated by fatty acid and glucose oxidation. In addition to thermogenesis and despite its small relative size, sympathetically activated BAT constitutes an important glucose, fatty acid, and triac...

BACKGROUND Brown adipose tissue research is in the focus in the field of endocrinology. We designed a dual-modal fluorescent/PET fatty acid based tracer on commercially available Bodipy-C16, which can be synthesized to its corresponding triglyceride and which combines the benefits of fluorescent and PET imaging. METHODS Bodipy-C16 was coupled to 1,3-diolein resulting in Bodipy-triglyceride. B...