Stokstad and Pierce (1952) presented evidence that protogen revers the inhibition of propionate for Streptococcus faecalis. IAter Brockman et al. (1952) determined the structure of protogen. Bullock et al. (1952) synthesized protogen and various closely related compounds having the property of reversing the inhibition of propionate for S. faecalis and suggested the general name, thioctic acid, ...

The major end products of fermentation, short chain fatty acids (acetate, propionate, butyrate) were measured in portal and peripheral venous blood after the caecal instillation of lactulose at surgery in patients undergoing elective cholecystectomy. Blood samples for short chain fatty acid measurement were taken before and at 15 minute intervals up to 60 minutes after caecal instillation of ei...

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of forage: concentrate ratio (F:C) on growth performance, ruminal fermentation and blood metabolites of housing-feeding yaks. Thirty-two Maiwa male yaks (initial body weight = 207.99±3.31 kg) were randomly assigned to four dietary treatments (8 yaks per treatment). Experimental diets were: A, B, C, D which contained 70:30, 60:40, 50:50 and...

Essential oils have been shown to favorably effect in vitro ruminal fermentation, but there are few in vivo studies that have examined animal responses. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of thyme (THY) and cinnamon (CIN) essential oils on feed intake, growth performance, ruminal fermentation and blood metabolites in feedlot calves fed high-concentrate diets. Twelve growing...

today, one of the new technologies in the modern era is vehicular ad-hoc network which has takenenormous attention in the recent years. because of rapid topology changing and frequent disconnectionmakes it difficult to design an efficient routing protocol for routing data between vehicles, called v2v orvehicle to vehicle communication and vehicle to roadside infrastructure, called v2i. designin...

The objective of this study was to investigate the metabolic activity gut microbiota in cirrhosis due different variants fatty liver disease (alcoholic vs. non-alcoholic [metabolic-associated] one [AFLD and MAFLD]). present included 24 patients with alcoholic cirrhosis, 16 MAFLD-related 20 healthy controls. level spectrum short-chain acids (SCFAs) were determined via gas–liquid chromatography. ...

Six sheep fitted with ruminal fistulas were used in a repeated measurement design with two 24-d periods to investigate the effect of adding a specific mixture of essential oils (MEO) at 0 (control), 0.8 and 1.6 ml/d on apparent nutrient digestibility, rumen fermentation characteristics, rumen microbial population and blood chemical metabolites. Animals were fed with a 50:50 alfalfa hay: concent...