In a randomized comparison of nevirapine or abacavir with zidovudine plus lamivudine, routine viral load monitoring was not performed, yet 27% of individuals with viral failure at week 48 experienced resuppression by week 96 without switching. This supports World Health Organization recommendations that suspected viral failure should trigger adherence counseling and repeat measurement before a ...

BACKGROUND The side-effects of anti-retroviral drugs are different between Japanese and Caucasian patients. Severe central nerve system (CNS) side-effects to efavirenz and low rate of hypersensitivity against abacavir characterize the Japanese. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to select a once daily regimen for further non-inferior study comparing the virological efficacy and safety ...

BACKGROUND Unexpected cases of severe liver disease in HIV-infected patients have been reported and an association with didanosine (ddI) has been suggested. Transient elastography (TE) might detect patients harbouring such a condition. Our objective was to search for the presence of abnormal liver stiffness (LS) in a cohort of HIV-infected patients without HBV or HCV coinfection and to assess t...

OBJECTIVES To present clinical experience with a regimen including abacavir/lamivudine + darunavir/ritonavir in a cohort of HIV-1-infected patients. METHODS A retrospective, multicentre cohort study, including all consecutive adult HIV-1-infected patients who started abacavir/lamivudine + darunavir/ritonavir from April 2008 to December 2010 and had at least one follow-up visit. The primary en...

A 42-year-old man with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and a history of complex partial seizures developed severe anemia after the addition of valproic acid to his stable antiretroviral regimen of zidovudine, lamivudine, and abacavir. The inhibition of zidovudine glucuronidation by valproic acid and the resultant zidovudine hematologic toxicity is the proposed mechanism of the inte...

For a number of antiretroviral drugs, prolonged suppression of viral replication is related to drug exposure. Therefore, it is important to maintain stable concentrations during prolonged therapy. While studies suggest that saquinavir concentrations decrease over time, we show that concentrations of zidovudine, stavudine, lamivudine, abacavir, and nevirapine in serum and cerebrospinal fluid are...

BACKGROUND It is unknown whether the relationship between the HIV-RNA/CD4 cell count and risk of clinical disease continues to hold true for newer antiretroviral drugs approved without data from clinical endpoint trials. OBJECTIVE : To determine and compare whether rate ratios of AIDS and death at given, latest HIV-RNA and CD4 cell counts levels were similar, regardless of which nucleoside pa...

OBJECTIVE To assess the risk of cerebrovascular events (CVEs) in HIV-infected individuals and evaluate the impact of proven risk factors, injection drug abuse (IDU), immunodeficiency, HAART and family-related risk factors. DESIGN Nationwide, population-based cohort study. METHODS The study population included all Danish HIV-infected individuals, a population-based comparison cohort and pare...

OBJECTIVE Avoiding abacavir in HIV-infected patients tested positive for HLA-B*5701 reduces the risk of abacavir hypersensitivity reaction (ABC-HSR). Our aim was to assess the costs of clinically suspected HSR and to estimate potential cost savings of implementing prospective HLA-B*5701-screening for HIV-infected patients initiating abacavir/lamivudine fixed-dose combination (ABC/3TC FDC) compa...