In wireless networks consisting of sensors and mobile devices, battery power is a severe resource constraint. Energyefficient communication techniques are therefore crucial to the long-term survivability of the network. In communication theory, it is well known that for a bandlimited additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel with bandwidth W and onesided noise spectral level N0, the minimum ...

The Bjøntegaard model is widely used to calculate the coding efficiency between different codecs. However, this model might not be an accurate predictor of the true coding efficiency as it relies on PSNR measurements. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a model to calculate the average coding efficiency based on subjective quality scores, i.e., mean opinion scores (MOS). We call this approach ...

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This paper adopts two mathematical approaches, data envelopment analysis (DEA) and grey relation analysis (GRA) to measure DEA efficiency using the sample of 69 listed US internet companies. A total of 40 indicators were initially selected for the efficiency evaluation, with 21 related to DEA-input indicators and 19 to DEAoutput indicators. Eight representative indicators selected using GRA are...