Using county-level Vital Statistics of the United States data from 1974-2009, we employ a differencesin-differences framework comparing influenza mortality rates in Super Bowl-participating counties to non-participants. Having a local team in the Super Bowl causes an 18% increase in influenza deaths for the population over age 65, with evidence suggesting one mechanism is increased local social...

Central to embryonic development is the generation of molecular asymmetries across fields of undifferentiated cells. The Drosophila wing imaginal disc provides a powerful system with which to understand how such asymmetries are generated and how they contribute to formation of a complex structure. Early in development, the wing primordium is subdivided into a thin layer of peripodial epithelium...

We explore the effects of television advertising in the setting of the NFL’s Super Bowl telecast. The Super Bowl is the largest advertising event of the year and is well suited for measurement. The event has the potential to create significant increases in “brand capital” because ratings average over 40 percent of households and ads are a focal point of the broadcast. Furthermore, variation in ...

The aim of this work is to investigate semiconductor mode-locked lasers for their application as a transmitter pulse source in an optical time division multiplexing (OTDM) system with data rates up to 640 Gbit/s and with on-off keying (OOK) or differential phase shift keying (DPSK) modulation formats. Up to the present work there have not been any applications of the semiconductor mode-locked l...

the fullerene structures of c20cage and bowl,c20h10 and their n-doped structures as c20cage nh,c20bowl nh, c20h10nh, c20h10n and their isomers are optimized using the mpw1pw91/6-31g level of the theory. magnetic shielding tensors of 14n and 13c atoms are calculated by the same level of the theory. results show that doping an n atom on fullerenes affects differently on the chemical shielding of ...

The elucidation of pathways linking patterning to morphogenesis is a problem of great interest. We show here that, in addition to their roles in patterning and morphogenesis of the hindgut, the Drosophila genes drumstick (drm) and bowl are required in the foregut for spatially localized gene expression and the morphogenetic processes that form the proventriculus. drm and bowl belong to a family...

S ports participation during childhood, adolescence, and the teenage years is the focus of much attention by a variety of pediatric stakeholders. The physical, mental, and emotional development associated with athletic endeavors can play a great dividend in adulthood. Whether it is a team sport demanding the combined effort of various personalities and skills sets or the mental toughness requir...

Mobile lithium ions in a cubic garnet Li7La3Zr2O12 (Al-stabilized) were studied using 7Li NMR spectroscopy for membrane and powder samples, the latter of which was ground from the membrane. Lithium diffusion in a micrometer space was measured using the pulsed-gradient spin-echo 7Li NMR method between 70 and 130 °C. When the observation time (Δ) was shorter than 20 ms, the echo attenuation showe...

Zinc sulfide (ZnS) films were deposited through a simple and low cost spray pyrolytic technique using mixed aqueous solutions of zinc nitrate and thiourea. The structural and optical properties of these films were investigated as a function of initial (Zn:S) molar ratio in the precursor solution, which varied between (1:1) and (1:3). X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed that wurtzite...