The present paper describes the designing of a thermally and economically optimum mechanical draft counter-flow wet cooling tower. The design model allows the use of a variety of packing materials in the cooling tower toward optimizing heat transfer. Once the optimum packing type is chosen, a compact cooling tower with low fan power consumption is modelled within the known design variables....

Abstract The advantages of recombinant enzymes over native include the control in a production environment, product purity and also high yield. paper presents determination optimum temperatures activation energies for various origin exo-inulinases, among others from Aspergillus niger , A. awamori Kluyveromyces marxianus K. cicerisporus . parameters were estimated based on literature activity cu...

Energetic and exergetic analyses as well as optimization studies of a transcritical carbon dioxide heat pump system are presented in this article. A computer code has been developed to obtain sub-critical and super-critical thermodynamic and transport properties of carbon dioxide. Estimates for irreversibilities of individual components of the system lead to possible measures for performance im...

Soil was treated with "C-ring-labeled fluometuron [N,N-dimethyl-N'[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyll urea] (0.516 and 5.16 pmol gl), air-dried, and stored for 6 months at 5 "C. The 14C was then extracted from soil with methanol by conventional extraction (twice with MeOH/H20 8020 v/v; 2:l extract/soil v/w) and with CO2 using a supercritical fluid extractor. Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) method ...

The developmental period for the parasitic stage of Romanomermis culicivorax in Culex pipiens was determined at constant and fluctuating temperatures. The median developmental times at 15, 18, 20, 27, and 32 C were 27.6, 17.2, 11.5, 7.1, and 5.8 days, respectively. The optimum temperature range for development of the parasitic stage in C. pipiens was 20 to 32 C. The threshold for development wa...

The optimum temperature for embryogenesis in Meloidogyne javanica lies between 25 and 30 C. Embryogenesis is slightly more rapid at 30 C (9-10 days), but more eggs complete development at 25 C (11-13 days). At temperatures of 25, 27.5, and 30 C, embryogenesis is about twice as rapid as at 20 C (23-25 days), and about four times as rapid as at 15 C (46-48 days). Time-lapse studies showed that th...

In the present research, effects of volume fraction SiC+Al2O3 particles and aging temperature on machinability stir-casted Al7075 metal matrix composites (MMC) have been investigated. The hybrid were fabricated using liquid metallurgy route. was reinforced with different wt. % SiC (3%, 6%, 9%) Al2O3 (2%, 4%, 6%) which used to fabricate composites. samples aged at temperatures (140 ºC, 160 180 º...

This work aimed at evaluating the influence of enzyme concentration, temperature, and reaction time in the lactose hydrolysis process in milk, cheese whey, and whey permeate, using two commercial β-galactosidases of microbial origins. We used Aspergillus oryzae (at temperatures of 10 and 55°C) and Kluyveromyces lactis (at temperatures of 10 and 37°C) β-galactosidases, both in 3, 6, and 9 U/mL c...

Red ginger ( Zingiber o fficinale var. Rubrum) is one of the traditional medicines Zingiberaceae family, which contains phenolic ketone compounds, including gingerol and shogaol. At high temperatures, compounds become unstable will change into This study optimized conditions for simultaneous separation 6-gingerol, 8-gingerol, 10-gingerol 6-shogaol from red extract using High-Performance Liquid ...

Photosynthesis, Respiration, Blue-Green Algae, Arrhenius Plots, Phase Transition Temperatures Photosynthetic and respiratory electron-transport reactions by the blue-green alga, Anabaena variabilis, exhibit a strict temperature dependence in vivo as well as in the cell-free system. The ratio of respiratory oxygen uptake in the dark and oxygen evolution in the light is high after growth at low t...