Positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) of a7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors can enhance ion channel currents and downstream effects of a7 stimulation. We investigated the approach of using noncompetitive antagonists to regulate a7 receptor function, potentially distinguishing effects requiring ion channel currents from signaling induced by nonconducting states. Three small readily reversible ...

Excessive use of animal manure on agricultural lands can impact the quality of surface and groundwater resources. A three–year study (1998–2000) was conducted on nine 0.4–ha plots and on six 2.1–m 2 lysimeters to investigate the effect of two nitrogen (N) application rates from laying hen manure and one N application rate from urea ammonium nitrate (UAN) fertilizer on surface and groundwater qu...

Disposal of poultry litter, a widely available organic manure in the southeastern USA because of a largescale poultry industry, is a major concern because of its contamination in surfaceand groundwater through N leaching and P runoff. Application of poultry litter in no-tilled intensive cropping system could increase soil C and N sequestration compared with the conventional-tilled system with i...

A randomized block experiment conducted on Sultanpur silt loam evaluated the N effects on growth and nitrate accumulation of okra (Hibiscus esculents L. cv. Sabz pari) and carrot (Daucus carota L. cv. T29). Treatments consisted of a control, 100, 150 and 200 kg N ha. Significantly higher yields of carrot and okra were recorded at 150 kg N ha. Nitrate concentration in both increased (> 35 to 200...

Greenhouse and field studies were conducted in 2007 and 2008 to investigate possible multiple-resistance of horseweed to paraquat and glyphosate, and to evaluate the effect of the addition of metribuzin to paraquat on control of paraquat-resistant horseweed. Results indicated that the GR50 (herbicide dose required to cause a 50% reduction in plant growth) value for the susceptible population S1...

A field experiment was carried out during 2008/2009 and 2009/2010 seasons in Agriculture farm, Sebha University, Libya to study the response of some safflower varieties(S , Giza and Dem ) to fertilization by 350 1 137 farm yard manure (FYM) combination with mineral nitrogen fertilizers (0 ton FYM+105 kg N, 1.538 ton FYM +95kgN, 3.076 ton FYM +85 kg N, 4.614 ton FYM + 75 kg N, 6.152 ton FYM + 65...

Field experiments were performed to identify an effective fertilizing scheme for direct-seeding rice (DSR) fields in the Taihu Lake Basin in east China. Based on local traditions, 3 typical fertilizing schemes (FS-1, FS-2, and FS3) were evaluated, in consideration of ensuring a certain rice yield and relatively low nitrogen (N) loss. The base, seedling, tillering, jointing, and panicle fertiliz...

An accurate and management sensitive simulation model for tile-drained Midwestern soils is needed to optimize the use of agricultural management practices (e.g., winter cover crops) to reduce nitrate leaching without adversely affecting corn yield. Our objectives were to enhance the Agricultural Production Systems Simulator (APSIM) for tile drainage, test the modified model for several manageme...

Applications of very long-chained fatty acid elongase (VLCFA)-inhibiting herbicides are currently not labeled within U.S. rice (Oryza sativa L.) production but have been used in Asian to suppress weedy and control other annual grasses small-seeded broadleaves. Therefore, separate experiments were initiated the fall 2019 2020 evaluate tolerance (O. with acetochlor pyroxasulfone following spring....

Hypaconitine (HA) and glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) are active components of Fuzi (Aconitum carmichaelii) and Gancao (Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch); they have been used in compatibility for chronic heart failure (CHF) from ancient times. The purpose of the present research was to explore whether apoptosis pathways were related with the protective effects of HA + GA against CHF rats or not. The rats w...