We show that the secant variety to a smooth variety embedded by a sufficiently positive line bundle satisfies N3,p. For smooth curves, we find the effective bound of degree at least max ̆ 3g + 3 + p, 1 2 (7g + 4 + p) ̄

3GPP work on the Evolution of the 3G Mobile System started with the RAN Evolution Work Shop, 2 3 November 2004 in Toronto, Canada. The Work Shop was open to all interested organizations, members and non members of 3GPP. Operators, manufacturers and research institutes presented more than 40 contributions with views and proposals on the evolution of the Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network...

The ITU-T’s Perceptual Evaluation of Speech Quality (PESQ) is an intrusive objective assessment tool that has been widely used in telecommunications and IP networks. 3SQM is an ITU-T standard for single-sided non-intrusive quality measurement. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the accuracy of PESQ and 3SQM in evaluating voice quality over live 3G networks. We set up a testbed based on...

Third generation (3G) mobile systems offer true broadband data transmission and many multimedia services are flourishing on them. Hence, 3G transmission security has become a popular issue. Recently, Dimitriadis and Polemi proposed a lightweight IDM3G protocol for mutual authentication between users and their service providers. However, many multimedia services require safeguards during transmi...

Of all tRNAs, initiator tRNA is unique in its ability to start protein synthesis by directly binding the ribosomal P-site. This ability is believed to derive from the almost universal presence of three consecutive G-C base (3G-C) pairs in the anticodon stem of initiator tRNA. Consistent with the hypothesis, a plasmid-borne initiator tRNA with one, two, or all 3G-C pairs mutated displays negligi...

Mycotoxins, derived from toxigenic fungi such as Fusarium, Aspergillus, and Penicillium species have impacted the human food chain for thousands of years. Deoxynivalenol (DON), is a tetracyclic sesquiterpenoid type B trichothecene mycotoxin predominantly produced by F. culmorum graminearum during infection corn, wheat, oats, barley, rice. Glycosylation DON protective detoxification mechanism em...

I suggest explanations for the apparently puzzling bidding in the year 2000 British and German 3G telecom auctions. Relative-performance maximisation may have been important, but the outcome of the British auction seems to have been efficient. This paper bundles my comments on two papers presented at the December 2001 CES Ifo conference on the telecom auctions. (For those readers new to the sub...