Abstract. In the last decade, various satellite missions have been monitoring status of cryosphere and its evolution. Besides sea-ice concentration data, available since 1980s, thickness retrievals are now ready to be used in global operational prediction reanalysis systems. Nevertheless, while univariate algorithms commonly constrain area or volume, multivariate approaches not yet employed due...

The Advanced Regional Prediction System (ARPS) model is employed to perform high-resolution numerical simulations of a mesoscale convective system and associated cyclonic line-end vortex (LEV) that spawned several tornadoes in central Oklahoma on 8–9 May 2007. The simulation uses a 1000 km 3 1000 km domain with 2-km horizontal grid spacing. The ARPS three-dimensional variational data assimilati...

High-resolution synthetic aperture radar (SAR) wind observations provide fine structural information for tropical cycles and could be assimilated into numerical weather prediction (NWP) models. However, in the conventional method assimilating the u and v components for SAR wind observations (SAR_uv), the wind direction is not a state vector and its observational error is not considered during t...

The Advanced Regional Prediction System (ARPS) three-dimensional variational (3DVAR) system is enhanced to include the analysis of radar-derived refractivity measurements. These refractivity data are most sensitive to atmospheric moisture content and provide high-resolution information on near-surface moisture that is important to convective initiation (CI) and precipitation forecasting. Observ...