Your SPH simulation can either be 2D or 3D. As with all other projects, computation should be done in GLSL, however for the 3D visualization we only require point sprites (for 2D) or spheres (for 3D). You do not need to compute an explicit uid surface for this project a particle visualization is su cient. However, we encourage you to color the particles or spheres according to some metric (ie. ...

Taking a canonical perspective of an object provides rich information about its 3D structure. Furthermore, this detail has been suggested to enhance cognitive processing of the object. Following this logic, the pictogram, a descriptive symbol used to illustrate information, should be designed in 3D form. However, pictograms must also be designed simply, without shading or fine lines, in order t...

BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are useful for cell therapy because of their potential for multilineage differentiation. However, MSCs that are expanded in traditional two-dimensional (2D) culture systems eventually lose their differentiation abilities. Therefore, we investigated whether azacitidine (AZA) supplementation and three-dimensional culture (3D) could improve the different...

Improving the congruity of preclinical models with cancer as it is manifested in humans is a potential way to mitigate the high attrition rate of new cancer therapies in the clinic. In this regard, three-dimensional (3D) tumor cultures in vitro have recently regained interest as they have been acclaimed to have higher similarity to tumors in vivo than to cells grown in monolayers (2D). To ident...

UNLABELLED (18)F-FDG PET is an important diagnostic tool for detecting myocardial viability in patients with coronary artery disease. In combination with perfusion scanning, (18)F-FDG PET allows differentiation between reversibly and irreversibly damaged myocardium and selection of patients likely to benefit from revascularization. Viability PET is usually performed in two-dimensional (2D) mode...

This work addresses the issue of generating free-form surfaces using a 2D sketch interface. As the first step in this process, we develop a methodology to sketch 3D space curves from 2D sketches. Since the inverse projection from 2D sketches to 3D curve or surface is a one to many function, there is no unique solution. Hence we propose to interpret the given 2D curve to be the projection of the...

BACKGROUND Three-dimensional (3D) presentations enhance the understanding of complex anatomical structures. However, it has been shown that two dimensional (2D) "key views" of anatomical structures may suffice in order to improve spatial understanding. The impact of real 3D images (3Dr) visible only with 3D glasses has not been examined yet. Contrary to 3Dr, regular 3D images apply techniques s...

We propose a new approach for constructing a 3D representation from a 2D wireframe drawing. A drawing is simply a parallel projection of a 3D object onto a 2D surface; humans are able to recreate mental 3D models from 2D representations very easily, yet the process is very difficult to emulate computationally. We hypothesize that our ability to perform this construction relies on the angles in ...

This study investigates whether in-room computed tomography (CT)-based adaptive treatment planning (ATP) is robust against interfractional location variations, namely, interfractional organ motions and/or applicator displacements, in 3D intracavitary brachytherapy (ICBT) for uterine cervical cancer. In ATP, the radiation treatment plans, which have been designed based on planning CT images (and...