Based on continued fractions Wiener showed that a typical RSA system can be totally broken if its secret exponent d < 25 . 0 N where N is the RSA modulus. Recently, based on lattice basis reduction, Boneh and Durfee presented a new short secret exponent attack which improves Wiener’s bound up to d < 292 . 0 N . In this paper we show that it is possible to use a short secret exponent which is lo...

Provable security usually makes the assumption that a source of perfectly random and secret data is available. However, in practical applications, and especially when smart cards are used, random generators are often far from being perfect or may be monitored using probing or electromagnetic analysis. The consequence is the need of a careful evaluation of actual security when idealized random g...

In his article, "An alternative to null-hypothesis significance tests," Killeen (2005) urged the discipline to abandon the practice of p obs-based null hypothesis testing and to quantify the signal-to-noise characteristics of experimental outcomes with replication probabilities. He described the coefficient that he invented, prep, as the probability of obtaining "an effect of the same sign as t...

There is considerable interest in developing immunotherapeutic approaches to elicit tumor-specific CTL responses in cancer patients. Epitope-based approaches aim to deliver the antigenic peptides or epitopes recognized by CTLs rather than the intact tumor antigen. Many tumor-associated proteins are nonmutated self proteins for which the dominant peptide epitopes are usually poorly immunogenic. ...

Transcripts with ESTs derived exclusively or predominantly from testis, and not from other normal tissues, are likely to be products of genes with testis-restricted expression, and are thus potential cancer/ testis (CT) antigen genes. A list of 371 genes with such characteristics was compiled by analyzing publicly available EST databases. RT-PCR analysis of normal and tumor tissues was performe...

A single tumor contains a heterogeneous population of cancer cells. Some cancer cells express antigens and are susceptible to specific CTLs. However, other cancer cells are antigen-loss variants (ALVs) that escape these CTLs because they express little or no antigen. Here, we show that antigen-specific T cells can eliminate ALVs when the parental population expresses a model gp33 antigen (KAVYN...