Plant growth is highly dependent on bacteria, saprophytic, and mycorrhizal fungi which facilitate the cycling and mobilization of nutrients. Over 95% of the sulfur (S) in soil is present in an organic form. Sulfate-esters and sulfonates, the major forms of organo-S in soils, arise through deposition of biological material and are transformed through subsequent humification. Fungi and bacteria r...

*The colonization of land by plants fundamentally altered environmental conditions on earth. Plant-mycorrhizal fungus symbiosis likely played a key role in this process by assisting plants to absorb water and nutrients from soil. *Here, in a diverse set of land plants, we investigated the evolutionary histories and functional conservation of three genes required for mycorrhiza formation in legu...

Shallot storage is very important for the availability throughout year. The use of mixed bio-fertilizers Mycorrhiza and Trichoderma sp. combined with reduced doses NPK fertilizer expected to increase shelf-life shallot bulbs. study used a two-factorial Completely Randomized Block Design first factor was mycorrhizae-Trichodermasp. biofertilizer, second applied during cultivation stage. Storage r...

introduction moisture limitation is considered as one of the important limiting factors in soybean growth. drought stress affects different aspects of soybean growth through making anatomical, physiological and biochemical changes (tarumingkeng & coto, 2003). under dry tension condition, there will be a disturbance in transmitting nutrients, but some useful soil fungi such as mycorrhiza improve...

Soil microbes play an important role in the biogeochemical cycling of nutrients and their availability to plants, which is for sustaining soil health agricultural sustainability. In light this, vesicular arbuscular mycorrhiza (VAM) plays function. Hyphae VAM can reach far beyond plant root zone, allowing it obtain from a considerably larger region soil. Mycorrhiza improves nutrition by facilita...

Changes in the concentrations of individual flavonoids and polyamines (PAs) in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) cotyledonary seedlings were studied during the establishment of an ectomycorrhizal (ECM) symbiosis with two Suillus variegatus strains in vitro. Both flavonoids and PAs were analysed after 3, 7, and 14 d in dual culture, and changes in concentrations were compared with growth of the s...

Specific rDNA ITS amplifications, microsatellite-primed PCR and ITS-SSCP analysis were applied to identify and characterize pre-selected isolates of the edible ectomycorrhizal fungus Lactarius deliciosus in different stages of the life cycle. Sampling was performed from pure cultures, mycorrhizas and soil from experimental plots established with nursery-inoculated pine seedlings. A newly-design...

Fungus-derived indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), which is involved in development of ectomycorrhiza, affects both partners, i.e., the tree and the fungus. The biosynthesis pathway, excretion from fungal hyphae, the induction of branching in fungal cultures, and enhanced Hartig net formation in mycorrhiza were shown. Gene expression studies, incorporation of labeled compounds into IAA, heterologous ex...

Arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi (AMF) can colonize the roots of Amorpha fruticosa, a perennial leguminous woody shrub, and form arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM). AMF have significant promoting effects on A. fruticosa growth as the intensity of fungal colonization increases. Taking AMF-A. fruticosa symbionts as the experimental material, gel-free isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTR...