gaining knowledge of the different existential aspects of human being counts among some the most important issues in psychology (‘ilm al-nafs) and anthropology. in this respect, philosophers in philosophical psychology or knowledge of the self have discussed the different degrees of soul and its faculties, whereas ancient philosophers used to deal with such issues in discussions over natural sc...

<pre>Al-Qur'an is the holy book from Allah to Prophet Muhammad and as proof of his prophethood. In Islam, science that discusses problem divinity studied in kalam, which its development emerged several theologies with different understandings, including Maturidiyah Shi'ism. This study tries find Shia views on Qur'an. By using theological textual approaches, researcher explores two schools...

the attribute of divine wisdom is applied in shi‘ite theology to prove some religious beliefs. shi‘ite theologians believe that providing the tools needed to achieve the divine purpose of the human beings’ creation and removing the obstacles to it is necessary to god. using logical analyses, this research investigates the sufficiency of the arguments based on divine wisdom in relation to the pr...

Thermodynamics is an exact macroscopic theory with no known exceptions. It has a long history of development that includes many famous Christian scientists. Recent developments in theology have occasionally invoked thermodynamic quantities or concepts in ways that are not consistent with either good science or theology. The present article presents a brief introduction to both classical and sta...

Among the most important Jewish encounters with other cultures and civilizations, the encounter with Islamic culture was, in our view, the most important. This encounter was in some aspects like their encounter with the ancient civilization, but the impacts were more valuable and constructive. Under Islamic rule, the Jews not only had a sense of security but also enjoyed a relatively satisfacto...

ratification as a term common among the imami usulites entails that divine decree is consistently in compliance with the mujtahid’s opinion, and even in cases where the opinions of the mujtahids differ with one another, all of them are right and true and divine. this notion of ratification has been expressed in both mu‘tazilī and ash‘arī manners. the question now is whether sunni usulites belie...