We consider the problem of finding an orientation with minimum diameter of a connected bridgeless graph. Fomin et. al. [7] discovered a relation between the minimum oriented diameter an the size of a minimal dominating set. We improve their upper bound.

We examine and compare several different classes of “balanced” block codes over q-ary alphabets, namely symbolbalanced (SB) codes, charge-balanced (CB) codes, and polaritybalanced (PB) codes. Known results on the maximum size and asymptotic minimal redundancy of SB and CB codes are reviewed. We then determine the maximum size and asymptotic minimal redundancy of PB codes and of codes which are ...

Asa Hopkins, Kurt Jacobs, Salman Habib, and Keith Schwab T-8, Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA Norman Bridge Laboratory of Physics 12-33, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA Laboratory for Physical Sciences, College Park, Maryland 20740, USA ~Received 25 February 2003; revised manuscript received 2 July 2003;...

Engineering structures, like bridges, dams and towers are designed by considering temperature changes, earthquakes, wind, traffic and pedestrian loads. However, generally, it can not be estimated that these structures may be affected by special, complex and different loads. So it could not be known whether these loads are dangerous for the structure and what the response of the structures would...

In the title compound, C(12)H(13)ClN(4)O(2), the triazole ring carries methyl and ethoxy-carbonyl groups, and is bound via a methyl-ene bridge to a chloro-pyridine unit. There is evidence for significant electron delocalization in the triazolyl system. Intra-molecular C-H⋯O and inter-molecular C-H⋯N hydrogen bonds stabilize the structure.

Irregularities in bridge pier stiffness concentrate the ductility demand on short piers; while not operating on the longer and more flexible ones. The existence of non-uniform, ductility demand distribution in bridges significantly influences seismic response. As such, this paper proposes a new approach for balancing the ductility demand in irregular bridges by utilizing shape memory alloys (SM...

Highway bridges are frequently constructed as simple span structures with steel or concrete girders and a cast-in-place concrete deck, spanning from one pier to another. At each end of the simple span deck, a joint is provided for deck movement due to temperature, shrinkage, and creep. Bridge deck joints are expensive and pose many problems with regard to bridge maintenance. Elimination of deck...

This paper presents a pulse doubling technique in a 12-pulse ac-dc converter which supplies direct torque controlled motor drives (DTCIMD’s) in order to have better power quality conditions at the point of common coupling. The proposed technique increases the number of rectification pulses without significant changes in the installations and yields in harmonic reduction in both ac and dc sides....

local scouring around bridge piers is a natural phenomenon caused by the erosive process of flowing stream on alluvial beds. the 3d flow field around bridge piers interacting with the bed materials increases complexity of local scour process. the local scour depth develops in accelerated flows and if it is not predicted correctly, the bottom level of local scour hole will exceed the original le...