In 1997, the authors undertook a collaborative research project with Barnardos, Australia, exploring domestic violence and child protection. The aim of the project was to develop and articulate a set of practice and policy principles to enhance future intervention with non-offending parents (over 98% of whom are women) and their children. The project involved three sages: observation of intake ...

This article emphasizes the limits of the effectiveness of Supreme Court-imposed restraints on police behavior. It argues that such effectiveness is mitigated by the milieu in which the police officer operates, by the characteristics of the police decisionmaking process, and by the relationship police have with their reference groups. The focus is not upon the Supreme Court, nor upon any single...

Police officers' job satisfaction is an important issue for police force management, but insufficient research exists on the topic, especially in China. This study aimed to examine the associations of job stress and organizational identification with job satisfaction among Chinese police officers, and particularly the mediating role of psychological capital (PsyCap). A cross-sectional study was...

Throughout the first three decades of the twentieth century, black people in New York City encountered white violence, especially police brutality in Manhattan. The black community used various strategies to curtail white mob violence and police brutality, one of which was self-defense. This article examines blacks’ response to violence, specifically the debate concerning police brutality and s...

Drawing on theories of representative bureaucracy theory, we examine whether increased representation of women in police forces in England leads to a higher rate of domestic violence arrests. To do so, we use panel regression techniques to analyze the links between gender representation and variations in the arrest of domestic abuse perpetrators, when controlling for a range of other relevant v...

In a sample of young people in Northern Ireland (N = 819), we examine the relationships between the quality of experience with police officers and police legitimacy. We examine potential pathways through which experiences may either support or undermine the legitimacy of the police, and thus cooperation and compliance with them. We find evidence that perceptions of the police as having goals th...

© 201 0002-9 Racial profiling and the disproportionate use of police force are controversial political issues. I argue that racial bias in the use of force increases after relevant events such as the shooting of a police officer by a black suspect. To examine this argument, I design a quasi experiment using data from 3.9 million time and geocoded pedestrian stops in New York City. The findings ...

There are three main aims underlying a criminal investigation [2]. Monckton-Smith et al. [2] claim this involves, “to ascertain if an offence has been committed....to identify who committed the crime.... to gather admissible evidence” (p.2). Obtaining evidence that is admissible in court is the task of the police and with this comes a degree of discretion exercised throughout their criminal inv...

Research suggests experiences with police are related to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) sexual risk among women working as sex workers. However, little is known about the links between specific police-related behaviors and HIV vulnerability. We examine whether 5 police-related experiences are associated with measures of HIV risk and violence among a sample of female sex workers (FSWs) in An...

This article explores the impact of the Human Rights Act (HRA) 1998 on the police service of England and Wales. It draws upon qualitative data produced during interviews with police personnel to provide the first empirical study of the influence of the HRA on the police service at an organizational level and on the day-to-day working practices of police officers. Whilst the fundamental aim of t...