A topoframe, denoted by $L_{ tau}$, is a pair $(L, tau)$ consisting of a frame $L$ and a subframe $ tau $ all of whose elements are complementary elements in$L$. $f$-ring $mathcal{R}(L_{ tau})$ is equal to the set $${fin Frm(mathcal{P}(mathbb R), L): f(mathfrak{O}(mathbb R))subseteq tau} .$$ In this paper, for every complemented element $ain L$ with $a, a'...

In AMPA receptor channels, a single amino acid residue (Q/R site) of the M2 segment controls permeation of calcium ions, single-channel conductance, blockade by intracellular polyamines, and permeation of anions. The structural environment of the Q/R site and its positioning with regard to a narrow constriction were probed with the accessibility of substituted cysteines to positively and negati...

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) microRNAs miR-BHRF1-1, -2, and -3 have been detected in latency III-infected lymphoblasts, where they are encoded within EBNA transcripts (X. Cai, A. Schafer, S. Lu, J. P. Bilello, R. C. Desrosiers, R. Edwards, N. Raab-Traub, and B. R. Cullen, PLoS Pathog. 2:e23, 2006). In latency III-infected lymphoblasts, we have also identified a stable 1.3-kb RNA, which begins 3' to...

A simple, rapid, and environmentally-friendly spectrophotometric method for nitrite detection was developed. Detection based on a redox reaction with iodide ions in an acidic condition. The evaluated by detecting the increase absorbance of colored product iodine at 362 nm wavelength. To obtain good performance, concentration, hydrochloric acid time were optimized. In optimal condition, develope...

Let p be an odd prime. Define en = { (−1), if n is a quadratic residue mod p, (−1)n+n+1, if n is a quadratic nonresidue mod p, where n is the multiplicative inverse of n modulo p such that 1 ≤ n ≤ p − 1. This paper shows that the sequence {en} is a “good” pseudorandom sequence, by using the properties of exponential sums, character sums, Kloosterman sums and mean value theorems of Dirichlet L-f...

A prime number p is called b-elite if only finitely many generalized Fermat numbers Fb,n = b 2 + 1 are quadratic residues modulo p. Let p be a prime. Write p − 1 = 2h with r ≥ 0 and h odd. Define the length of the b-Fermat period of p to be the minimal natural number L such that Fb,r+L ≡ Fb,r (mod p). Recently Müller and Reinhart derived three conjectures on b-elite primes, two of them being th...

(15)N relaxation rates contain information on overall molecular shape and size, as well as residue specific orientations of N-H bond vectors relative to the axes of the diffusion tensor. Here we describe a pseudopotential E(relax) that permits direct use of (15)N relaxation rates, in the form of R(2)/R(1) ratios, as experimental restraints in structure calculations without requiring prior infor...

Let R be an excellent local domain of positive characteristic with residue field k and let R+ be its absolute integral closure. If Tor1 (R +, k) vanishes, then R is weakly F-regular. If R has at most an isolated singularity or has dimension at most two, then R is regular.

The title compound, cyclo(Phe(1)-d-Ala(2)-Gly(3)-Phe(4)-APO(5)), C26H32N4O5, is the minor diastereoisomer of a cyclic penta-peptidomimetic analogue containing a novel 2-amino-propyl lactone (APO) motif, which displays the same number of atoms as the native amino acid glycine and has a methyl group in place of the carbonyl O atom. The crystal structure presented here allows the analysis of the s...