background and aims: infectious bronchitis (ib), caused by infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), is an acute and highly contagious disease in chickens. ibv is considered mainly as a respiratory infection, other clinical manifestations, including renal, enteric and reproductive signs can be observed. since there has been no study on evaluation of changes in biochemical parameters during ib infectio...

introduction: infectious bronchitis (ib), caused by infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), is an acute and highly contagious disease in chickens. ibv is mainly considered a respiratory infection, other clinical manifestations, including renal, enteric and reproductive signs can be observed. aim: since there has been no study on evaluation of changes in biochemical parameters during ib infection, th...

To gain comprehensive genetic information of circulating avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) isolates in China, analysis of the phylogenetic tree, entropy of the amino acid sequences, and the positive selection as well as computational recombinations of S1, M and N genes of 23 IBV isolates was conducted in the present study. The phylogenetic trees based on the S1, M and N genes ...

We report the discovery of two enteroviruses detected in nasopharyngeal samples obtained from subjects with respiratory disease in Peru. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that both viruses belong to a clade within the species Human enterovirus C, which includes the recently characterized human enteroviruses 109 and 104. Members of this clade have undergone significant genomic rearrangement, as in...

The hmtp210 gene of Avibacterium paragallinarum, the causative agent of infectious coryza, encodes an outer-membrane hemagglutinin (HA) that plays an essential role in pathogenicity. A hypervariable region within this HA, which is highly antigenic, is proposed as a candidate for recombinant vaccine production. Nonetheless, little is known about its genetic variability. We performed sequencing a...

Coronavirus host and cell specificities are determined by specific interactions between the viral spike (S) protein and host cell receptor(s). Avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis (IBV) has been adapted to embryonated chicken eggs, primary chicken kidney (CK) cells, monkey kidney cell line Vero, and other human and animal cells. Here we report that acquisition of the cell-cell fusion activit...

The parts of the RNA genome of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) required for replication and packaging of the RNA were investigated using deletion mutagenesis of a defective RNA (D-RNA) CD-61 (6.1 kb) containing a chloramphenicol acetyltransferase reporter gene. A D-RNA with the first 544, but not as few as 338, nucleotides (nt) of the 5' terminus was replicated; the 5' untranslated region (UT...