Religious ceremonies in ancient Rome, foundational for its cult, made manifest the communal piety by means of sacrificial rites. Adopting a formalist religious approach, Romans carefully regulated process (sacrificium). Partially preserved literary sources theory allow one to reconstruct sequence acts comprising Roman rite, with following article employing said propose template animal sacrifice...

Early in the Ptolemaic era, Egyptian cults, particularly those of Isis and Sarapis, spread successfully to ports across the ancient Aegean Sea. Leading researchers in the field claim that the spread of these cults was influenced by multiple factors, ones that were mainly economic or political in character. However, the question of which factors had more weight or impact than others in the proce...

Specialised or LSP translation is often compared unfavourably with literary translation in terms of the creative input required from the translator to produce a „good‟ translation. The supposed formulaic nature of LSP texts is contrasted with the creative nature of literary texts. The authors of LSP texts are often anonymous, possibly working in a team, and not necessarily native speakers of th...

The study of patronage of the arts and architecture during the Mamluk period helps us sharpen the picture that we have of this alien ruling class. At the same time, it illuminates the relationships which existed between the Mamluks, the religious elite, and the rest of the population. In examining the patronage of architecture in the Mamluk period, historians and art historians face a number of...

abstrackt em nu hu ki .no evidence of the books written in perscien language .in the frist half of ao.ht century manichand ues nmi.hf rthdeu.jhdsme.asedu .these text are discoverd in turfan uin tuyugh and i qara shahr.in this articel we have attempd to survey all these new persian mj kjgft ukjm iuyn ndfsdssn mkj frtn mn hj gfdv ytrfh djeuhn sdfref ans bytg kjhuy dertf hgfd sdcbftryhg noiyutghgb...

Governments may also use religious soft power in pursuit of national interests and objectives. This article focuses on the role of religious soft power in the foreign policy of three states – the United States of America, India and the Islamic Republic of Iran. The main concern is to assess religious actors’ contribution to the foreign policy environment and agenda in each country. The idea of ...