Processes for the biotechnological production of kerosene and diesel blendstocks are often economically unattractive due to low yields and product titers. Recently, Clostridium acetobutylicum fermentation products acetone, butanol, and ethanol (ABE) were shown to serve as precursors for catalytic upgrading to higher chain-length molecules that can be used as fuel substitutes. To produce suitabl...

In the present study, ethyl acetate, butanol and aqueous fractions derived from total methanol extract of Butea monosperma flowers were evaluated for radical scavenging activities using different in vitro models like reducing power assay, scavenging of 2,2 diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, nitric oxide radical, superoxide anion radical, hydroxyl radical and inhibition of erythrocyte hem...

The butanol-HCl spectrophotometric assay is widely used for quantifying extractable and insoluble condensed tannins (CT, syn. proanthocyanidins) in foods, feeds, and foliage of herbaceous and woody plants, but the method underestimates total CT content when applied directly to plant material. To improve CT quantitation, we tested various cosolvents with butanol-HCl and found that acetone increa...

Densities and excess molar volume of the binary and ternary mixtures formed by nbutylacetate+ 1-butanol + 1,2-butanediol were measured at (298.15, 303.15, and 308.15) K forthe liquid region and at ambient pressure (81.5) k Pa , for the whole composition range. Theexcess molar volumes,VmE and excess partial molar volume ViE ,were calculated fromexperimental densities.The excess molar volumes are...

Due to the increasing concerns about limited fossil resources and environmental problems, there has been much interest in developing biofuels from renewable biomass. Ethanol is currently used as a major biofuel, as it can be easily produced by existing fermentation technology, but it is not the best biofuel due to its low energy density, high vapor pressure, hygroscopy, and incompatibility with...

In this work, we have explored the thermophysical properties of tetraalkylammonium hydroxide ionic liquids (ILs) such as tetrapropylammonium hydroxide (TPAH) and tetrabutylammonium hydroxide (TBAH) with isomers of butanol (1-butanol, 2-butanol and 2-methyl-2-propanol) within the temperature range 293.15-313.15 K, with interval of 5 K and over the varied concentration range of ILs. The molecular...

BACKGROUND High cost of traditional substrates and formation of by-products (such as acetone and ethanol) in acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation hindered the large-scale production of biobutanol. Here, we comprehensively characterized a newly isolated solventogenic and xylanolytic Clostridium species, which could produce butanol at a high ratio with elimination of ethanol and conversion ...

The strain MA428-C1 was shaken-cultured (120 strokes/min., 8 cm amplitude) in. a medium (pH7.0) containing 2% glucose, 1.5% soybean meal, 0.3% NaCl, 0.1% K2HPO4, 0.1 % MgSO4-7H2O, 0.0007 % CuSO4-5H2O, 0.0001 % FeSO4-7H2O, 0.0008 % MnCl2-4H2O, 0.0002% ZnSO4-7H2O at 27°C for 5 days. The amount of gougeroxymycin was determined by a cylinder plate method described by one of the authors1}.. About 70...

The carbon nanotubes (CNTs) filled polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) hybrid membrane was fabricated to evaluate its potential for butanol recovery from acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation broth. Compared with the homogeneous PDMS membrane, the CNTs filled into the PDMS membrane were beneficial for the improvement of butanol recovery in butanol flux and separation factor. The CNTs acting as sor...

Self-assembly of Zn(ClO4)2 with 1,1,2,2-tetramethyl-1,2-di(pyridin-3-yl)disilane (L) as a bidentate N-donor gives rise to 3D coordination networks, [Zn(μ-OH)(L)]3(ClO4)3·5H2O (1·5H2O), of unique, 103-a srs net topology. An important feature is that two enantiomeric 3D frameworks, 41- and 43-[Zn(μ-OH)(L)]3(ClO4)3·5H2O, are interpenetrated to form a racemic two-fold 3D network with cages occupied...