Pathogen-driven selection is believed to be important in the evolution and maintenance of the polymorphism of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes but have been tested for very few vertebrates. In this study, we first investigate by SSCP (single strand conformational polymorphism) the diversity found at the MHC class IIbeta gene in a population of brook charr (Salvelinus fontinalis)...

Interferon alpha (IFNα) is used for the treatment of hepatitis C infection and whilst efficacious it is associated with multiple adverse events including reduced leukocyte, erythrocyte, and platelet counts, fatigue, and depression. These events are most likely caused by systemic exposure to interferon. We therefore hypothesise that targeting the therapeutic directly to the intended site of acti...

A cluster of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) has been previously described to border Lake Mascoma in Enfield, NH, with an incidence of ALS approximating 25 times expected. We hypothesize a possible association with cyanobacterial blooms that can produce β-N-methylamino-L-alanine (BMAA), a neurotoxic amino acid implicated as a possible cause of ALS/PDC in Guam. Muscle, liver, and brain tissu...

The introduction of diaminobenzidine (DAB) into ultrastructural cytochemistry in 1966 by Graham and Karnovsky (1) for demonstrating horseradish peroxidase activity was an important milestone. Its usefulness has been extended to demonstration of mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase via cytochrome c by Seligman et al . (2) in 1968, and to demonstration of peroxisomes of kidney (3-5) and peroxisomes o...

The major histocompatibility complex class I and II molecules (MHC-I and MHC-II) plays a pivotal role in vertebrate immune response to antigenic peptides. In this paper we report the cloning and sequencing of the MHC class II b chain from sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.). The six obtained cDNA sequences (designated as Dila-DAB) code for 250 amino acids, with a predicted 21 amino acid signal p...

The energy router composed of double active bridge (DAB) can interconnect multiple voltage level AC distribution network through DC lines to form AC/DC hybrid network. fault types the system are diverse and characteristics complex. This paper studies in detail. single-phase grounding side valve occurred system. explored impact after above failure, make a detailed comparative analysis. results s...

With the expansion of E-mobility technology, demand for Medium-Voltage (MV) Electric Buses (E-buses) charging infrastructure has significantly increased. In this regard, effective connection E-bus chargers to a medium voltage power grid is essential provide fast and carry out multiple processes simultaneously. One main building blocks DC-DC converter stage responsible regulating flow matching d...

these elements, video streams over DAB/DMB can be received and played on a television set.