The standardization and broad-scale integration of dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC)-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have been confounded by a lack of consensus on DSC-MRI methodology for preventing potential relative cerebral blood volume inaccuracies, including the choice of acquisition protocols and postprocessing algorithms. Therefore, we developed a digital reference object (DRO), usi...

We comparatively analyzed the difference between three-dimensional arterial spin labeling (3D-ASL) and the conventional dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC) perfusion imaging in the setting of assessing brain tumor perfusion in 28 patients with proved brain tumors. All patients were scheduled with standard MRI, 3D-ASL and DSC scannings on a GE DISCOVERY MR 750 system. Maximal relative tumor pe...

The basic concept of a tracer-kinetic experiment dates back to the 1920's [1]: an indicator is injected rapidly in the blood stream and its concentration in the tissue of interest (mmol/ml tissue) is measured as a function of time. The precise shape and form of these curves depends on the manner in which the agent is injected, and on the properties of the tissue under consideration. If the inje...

Introduction Perfusion is the term applied to capillary blood flow in tissue. Since the blood carries oxygen and nutrition to the tissue through the capillaries, perfusion is important in maintaining tissue viability. The study of brain perfusion has clinical applications due to the changes in perfusion associated with several neurological diseases. Diagnosis, lesion characterisation and follow...

This paper presents dynamic standby control (DSC) with voltage keeper for further standby power reduction. As compared to the reported DSC, the new modified DSC can be kept deeply cut-off with negative overdrive voltage as well. Besides, a bootstrapped voltage keeper directly recharges the boosted node of power gate, which prevents leakage current during the recharging period. However, total st...

Dysspondyloenchondromatosis (DSC) is a rare skeletal dysplasia that has currently been classified into the group of spondylometaphyseal dysplasias. To date, only 12 affected individuals have been reported. All cases are sporadic, and the etiology remains unknown. Distinctive features of DSC are anisospondyly and enchondroma-like lesions in the metaphyseal and diaphyseal portions of the long tub...

This note contributes to the technical nature of dynamic surface control (DSC) based on a class of strict-feedback nonlinear systems. The DSC technique prevents the complexity problem in integrator backstepping control (IBC). Yet, the stability results obtained by existing DSCs are conservative, and consequently, cannot fully reveal the technical nature of DSC. By the exploitation of the singul...