The redshift-space correlation function ξs for projected galaxy separations <∼ 1h Mpc can be expressed as the convolution of the real-space correlation function with the galaxy pairwise velocity distribution function (PVDF). An exponential PVDF yields the best fit to the ξs measured from galaxy samples of different redshift surveys. We show that this exponential PVDF is not merely a fitting fun...

A flexible 4 × 4 sensor array with 16 micro-scale capacitive units has been demonstrated based on flexible piezoelectric poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) film. The piezoelectricity and surface morphology of the PVDF were examined by optical imaging and piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM). The PFM shows phase contrast, indicating clear interface between the PVDF and electrode. The electro-mecha...

In this work, a supported ionic liquid membrane (SILM) was prepared by impregnating a PVDF membrane with 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium dicyanamide ([BMIM][DCA]) ionic liquid. This membrane was tested for its permeability to pure gases (CO2, N2 and O2) and ideal selectivities were calculated. The SILM performance was also compared to that of Ion-Jelly® membranes, a new type of gelled membranes dev...

This paper presents the development of a biomimetic sensor, with the ability to imitate exteroceptor and proprioceptor functions of invertebrates, such as earthworms. A polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) film is selected as the sensing element because it is flexible, highly sensitive and easy to be integrated in different shapes. Perforated PVDF strips are embedded in a segmented silicone shell of ...

We compare the photoemission and electron energy loss spectra of crystalline poly(vinylidene-fl uoride with trifl uoroethylene: 70%: 30%), P(VDF–TrFE), fi lms, fabricated by the Langmuir–Blodgett technique and annealed in vacuum, with in situ thermally evaporated fi lms of poly(vinylidene-fl uoride) (PVDF) in vacuum. Th e electronic structure and vibrational modes of the short chain PVDF fi lms...

Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes were exposed vertically to a high energy electron beam (EB) in air, at room temperature. The chemical changes were examined by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The surface morphologies were studied by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and showed some changes in the pore size. Thermogravimetric (TGA) analysis represented an increase in the...

Microsupercapacitors (MSCs) are promising energy storage devices to power miniaturized portable electronics and microelectromechanical systems. With the increasing attention on all-solid-state flexible supercapacitors, new strategies for high-performance flexible MSCs are highly desired. Here, we demonstrate all-solid-state, flexible micropseudocapacitors via direct laser patterning on crack-fr...