Background: Glaucoma refers to a heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by retinal cell degeneration and optic nerve atrophy leading blindness. Even though about 40% patients have normal intraocular pressure (IOP), current treatment. focuses on lowering IOP. With time, drugs become less effective, which has motivated the search for novel drugs.The objective was establish whether modulato...

A sensitive, simple, and fast liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) bioanalytical method was developed to determine remifentanil in human plasma prevent its instability by esterases during quantification. 20 μL sample of plasma, acidified with formic acid, precipitated using 100 acetonitrile. Chromatography carried out on an Agilent Poroshell 120 EC-C18 column (4.6 × 50 mm, ...

To determine vasopressin (VP)-potentiating effect of chlorpropamide (CPMD), we studied the effect of CPMD in vivo and in vitro in kidneys and in specific tubule segments of rats with hypothalamic diabetes insipidus, homozygotes of the Brattleboro strain (DI rats). Rats on ad lib. water intake were treated with CPMD (20 mg/100 g body wt s.c. daily) for 7 d. While on ad lib. water intake, the uri...

The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the inhibitory effects of 5-fluorouracil antineoplastics, cephem antibiotics containing the methyltetrazolylthiol (MTT) group and antidiabetics on aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity in vivo and in vitro. In in vivo experiments, rats were given a 100 mg/kg dose of drugs (10 mg/kg for glibenclamide) orally or intraperitoneally. When each drug was...

Case history The patient was a 47-year-old woman who developed diabetes mellitus in 1965. She was initially controlled on chlorpropamide and phenformin. However, her diabetic control became less satisfactory and insulin therapy was substituted in October 1967. Subsequently her diabetes became unstable and phenformin 100-150 mg daily was added in November 1968. Since then her blood glucose level...

The mechanism of lithium-induced diabetes insipidus was investigated in 96 patients and in a rat model. Polydipsia was reported by 40% and polyuria (more than 3 liter/day) by 12% of patients receiving lithium. Maximum concentrating ability after dehydration and vasopressin was markedly impaired in 10 polyuric patients and was reduced in 7 of 10 nonpolyuric patients studied before and during lit...