BACKGROUND The purpose of this study is to evaluate the use of Tono-Pen XL in measuring IOP during the application of a suction ring in rabbit eyes with manometrically controlled IOP. METHODS Tono-Pen XL was calibrated against direct manometry in 10 rabbit eyes. A suction ring was then applied in 4 rabbit eyes and the IOP was determined manometrically during suction ring application at 350 mm...

Bcl-2 family proteins are key regulators of apoptosis and have recently been shown to modulate autophagy. The tumor suppressorBeclin 1has beenproposed to coordinate both apoptosis and autophagy through direct interaction with anti-apoptotic family members Bcl-2 and/or Bcl-XL. However, the molecular basis for this interaction remains enigmatic. Herewe report that Beclin 1 contains a conserved BH...

To extend the mammalian cell death pathway, we screened for further Bcl-2 interacting proteins. Both yeast two-hybrid screening and lambda expression cloning identified a novel interacting protein, Bad, whose homology to Bcl-2 is limited to the BH1 and BH2 domains. Bad selectively dimerized with Bcl-xL as well as Bcl-2, but not with Bax, Bcl-xs, Mcl-1, A1, or itself. Bad binds more strongly to ...

We clarify a relation between the XL algorithm and known Gröbner basis algorithms. The XL algorithm was proposed to be a more efficient algorithm to solve a system of algebraic equations under a special condition, without calculating a whole Gröbner basis. But in our result, it is shown that to solve a system of algebraic equations with a special condition under which the XL algorithm works is ...

B-cell lymphoma-extra large (Bcl-XL) has been known to suppress serum deprivation-induced cell death, while reactive oxygen species modulator 1 (Romo1) is responsible for a serum deprivation-induced increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS). Therefore, we investigated whether Bcl-XL expression could inhibit the serum deprivation-induced increase in ROS and cell death, which are mediated by Romo...

Objectives. Low survival rate of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) severely limited the therapeutic efficacy of cell therapy in the treatment of myocardial infarction (MI). Bcl-xL genetic modification might enhance MSC survival after transplantation. Methods. Adult rat bone marrow MSCs were modified with human Bcl-xL gene (hBcl-xL-MSCs) or empty vector (vector-MSCs). MSC apoptosis and paracrine sec...

Anti-apoptotic BCL-2 family members bind to BH3-only proteins and multidomain BAX/BAK to preserve mitochondrial integrity and maintain survival. Whereas inhibition of these interactions is the biological basis of BH3-mimetic anti-cancer therapy, the actual response of membrane-bound protein complexes to these compounds is currently ill-defined. Here, we find that treatment with BH3 mimetics tar...

The survival of T lymphocytes is tightly controlled during development. Here, we show that Bcl-xL, a protein homologue of Bcl-2, is highly regulated in the thymus in a pattern different than that of Bcl-2. The maximum expression was in CD4+CD8+ thymocytes, a developmental stage where Bcl-2 is downregulated. To assess the role of Bcl-xL in thymocyte apoptosis, we generated mice overexpressing an...

OBJECTIVES To explore the roles of Bcl-xl and Bcl-xs in the development and progression of endometrial carcinoma, and to analyze the correlation between Bcl-xl and Bcl-xs. METHODS RT-PCR and Western-blot assay were applied to detect the expressions of Bcl-xl and Bcl-xs in endometrial tissues of various histomorphologic types. RESULTS The Bcl-xl expression levels of simple and atypical hyper...

Treatment of M1 myeloid leukemic cells with interleukin 6 (IL-6) or dexamethasone (DEX), both of which induce differentiation in these cells, down-regulated expression of the apoptosis-suppressing gene bcl-2 and the apoptosis-promoting gene bax but up-regulated expression of the apoptosis-suppressing gene bcl-XL. There was a higher expression of bcl-XL in cells treated with DEX or DEX plus IL-6...