Background: Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious and economically important disease that affects cloven-hoofed animals worldwide. In recent years, a series of outbreaks of FMD have occurred in many countries. Recombinant protein synthesis incorporating protective B- and T-cell epitopes are candidates for new safer and more effective (FMD) vaccines that have potential to provide p...

Aquatic birnaviruses, such as infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV), cause serious diseases in a variety of fish species used worldwide in aquaculture and have also been isolated from a variety of healthy fish and shellfish species. These viruses exhibit a high degree of antigenic heterogeneity and variation in biological properties such as pathogenicity, host range, and temperature of re...

We analyze how to efficiently maintain and update the visibility polygons for a segment observer moving in a polygonal domain. The space and time requirements for preprocessing are O(n) and after preprocessing, visibility change events for weak and strong visibility can be handled in O(log |VP|) and O(log(|VP1| + |VP2|)) respectively, or O(log n) in which |VP| is the size of the line segment’s ...

Parvovirus B19 (B19V) is pathogenic for humans and has an extreme tropism for human erythroid progenitors. We report cell type-specific expression of the B19V capsid genes (VP1 and VP2) and greatly increased B19V capsid protein production in nonpermissive cells by codon optimization. Codon usage limitation, rather than promoter type and the 3' untranslated region of the capsid genes, appears to...

Human parvovirus B19 recombinant VP1 and VP2 capsid proteins were produced by a procaryotic pGEX expression plasmid to evaluate the humoral response by immunoblot assay in 14 patients with primary infection. The same concentrations of VP1 and VP2 recombinant proteins were used. This demonstrates that VP1 immunoglobulin M detection and/or VP1 immunoglobulin G seroconversion is a reliable marker ...

A mutation in polyoma virus strain 3049 which results in the overproduction of capsid proteins has been mapped to the late region of the genome between the HindIII site at 45.0 map units and the BamHI site at 58.6 map units. This region contains the coding sequence for VP3 and a portion of VP2, but does not include the late promoters or the coding sequence for the late leaders. The possible rol...

Earth's lowermost mantle has thermal, chemical, and mineralogical complexities that require precise seismological characterization. Stacking, migration, and modeling of over 10,000 P and S waves that traverse the deep mantle under the Cocos plate resolve structures above the core-mantle boundary. A small -0.07 +/- 0.15% decrease of P wave velocity (Vp) is accompanied by a 1.5 +/- 0.5% increase ...

The amino terminus of VP2', the major capsid protein of the parvovirus H-1, was identified and mapped to the H-1 genome. The protein initiates at the start codon at nucleotide 2797 and is translated uninterrupted to the stop codon at nucleotide 4582. The primary sequence predicts a protein of 593 amino acids (65,500 daltons) with an amino acid composition which very closely matches the experime...

DOI: 10.1002/elps.202300039 This cover image shows a highly sensitive imaged capillary isoelectric focusing (icIEF) immunoassay for studying adeno-associated virus (AAV) capsid protein charge heterogeneity. AAVs are denatured and loaded into the of Peggy Sue™ instrument. Separated proteins immobilized to wall immunodetection using antibodies targeting three (VP1, VP2, VP3). method combines reso...

Infectious bursal disease (IBD), a highly contagious and devastating disease in young chicken, is causedby infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV). To improve the immunogenicity of recombinant IBDV subunitvaccine, an attempt was made to find a new way to prepare IBD vaccine containing glycosylated mVP2antigen. Firstly, IBDV mVP2 gene (with a nucleic acid sequence encoding B cell epitope of IBDV(...