BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Linear epitopes on the Goodpasture autoantigen involved in human anti-glomerular basement membrane (GBM) disease are not fully defined. This study investigated the linear epitopes recognized by circulating antibodies in anti-GBM patients, aiming to identify the potential nephrogenic linear epitopes and their clinical significance. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEA...

Essential adaptor R eceptors keep signaling long after they are endocytosed thanks to a variety of adaptor proteins. Now, Teis et al. show on page 861 that the loss of p14, a protein that helps attach active MAP kinase to endosomes, results in endosome positioning defects, cell cycle problems, and death. Mice lacking p14 died as embryos. Fibroblasts from the embryos had normal early endosomes b...

Inactivation of both the pRb (pRb-cyclin D1/cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6-p16) and p53 (p53-p21(WAF1)-p14(ARF)) pathways is thought to be essential for immortalization in vitro and malignant transformation in vivo. We identified different combinations of pRb and p53 pathway alterations in 12 invasive transitional cell carcinomas (TCCs) and addressed the functional significance of the different co...

Epidemiological studies estimate that at least 10% of all cancer cases, including breast cancer, can be attributed to inherited susceptibility. Two hereditary breast cancer genes, BRCA1 and BRCA2, have been identified and women who inherit a mutated copy of either gene have a raised lifetime risk of breast and ovarian cancer. More than 80% of families with multiple cases of breast cancer and ov...

Cytogenetic/molecular abnormalities significantly influence the prognosis of patients with acute leukemia. Recently, two genes, p16 and p15, encoding two cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor proteins of the INK4 family of Mr 15,000 and 16,000, respectively, have been localized to 9p21. Remarkably, the p16 locus has been found to encode a second protein, p14, known as p19 in mice, with a distinct r...

Abstract Background Upper gastrointestinal white light endoscopy is the most used procedure for assessing upper tract condition and identification of various types lesions. The characteristics lesions may influence subsequent treatment steps. Among these characteristics, size a lesion plays crucial role in determining surveillance interval, appropriate resection method predicting risk malignanc...

The subunit composition of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors affects their function under normal and pathological conditions. Functional NMDA receptors are expressed in lower motor neurons, but their subunit composition has not been defined. Here, we employed electrophysiology, quantitative PCR, and immunohistochemistry to investigate the subunit composition of NMDA receptors in postnatal m...