As the security of global navigation satellite systems (GNSSs) for civilian usage is increasingly important, message authentication (NMA) significantly improves resilience to spoofing attacks. However, not all attacks can be effectively countered: a strong variant replay/relay attacks, distance-decreasing (DD) shorten pseudorange measurements, without manipulating cryptographically protected me...

Orientation: Overreliance on goodness-of-fit (GoF) indices in confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) model fit evaluations appears to negatively influence the integrity and replicability of research findings general, develop work-to-family enrichment (WFE) theory particular.Research purpose: The purpose this study was test for conceptual essentially unidimensional CFA MACE Work-to-Family Enrichment...

Two approaches are used to assess the distribution assumptions. One is by implementing numerically convoluted, theoretical Goodness of Fit (GoF) tests such as the Chi Square, Anderson Darling or Kolmogorov-Smirnov. Their lengthy calculations often require the use of specialized software, not always readily available. On the other hand, there exist practical procedures that are easy to understan...

In this paper we propose a system of design patterns for Web navigation. We have collected patterns already published in the literature, selected ten of them, refined them and identified the relationships among them. The selected patterns are rewritten in the Gang of Four (GoF) notation. They are implemented and integrated together leading to a framework intended to be used as the central part ...

Goodness-of-fit (GoF) testing is ubiquitous in statistics, with direct ties to model selection, confidence interval construction, conditional independence testing, and multiple just name a few applications. While the GoF of simple (point) null hypothesis provides an analyst great flexibility choice test statistic while still ensuring validity, most tests for composite hypotheses are far more co...

1) The single current dipole moment [strength of the dipole vector in nAm (Q)] 2) The correlation coefficient [the degree of association between the actual measured magnetic field data and the estimated forward solution data (R)] 3) The goodness of fit [the measure of how well the measured magnetic field agrees with the estimated field from an assumed dipole (GoF)] 4) The root mean square (RMS)...

Background Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis (CMC) is a heterogeneous group of primary immunodeficiency diseases (PID) characterized by chronic and recurrent infections of the skin, nails, and oropharynx, mostly caused by Candida sp. CMC is often associated with autoimmune and endocrine disorders. However, CMC may be the only or the main phenotype in patients with AD IL-17F and AR IL-17RA defic...

In cognitive radio, spectrum sensing is a challenging task. In this letter, a new spectrum sensing method is proposed based on Goodness of Fit test (GoF) of the energy of the received samples with a chi-square distribution. We derive the test statistic and evaluate the performance of the proposed method by Monte Carlo simulations. It is shown that our proposed spectrum sensing method outperform...

Over the past decade, there has been a lot of interest towards aspect-oriented programming (AOP). Hannemann and Kiczales developed AspectJ implementations of the Gang-of-Four (GoF) design patterns. Their study was continued by Hachani, Bardou, Borella, and others. However, no one has tried to improve the implementations by using generics or reflective programming. This research faces up to this...

Since its introduction in computer science, the concept of pattern has flourished. Several conferences and workshops focus on writing and disseminating patterns. Consequently, a large number of patterns exist and it is sometimes difficult to find the right patterns and to choose among many candidate, when solving a given problem. In this paper, we introduce a simple recommender system to help u...