Betapapillomavirus replication and transcription have not been studied in detail because of a lack of suitable cellular systems supporting human papillomavirus (HPV) genome replication. We have recently shown that the human osteosarcoma cell line U2OS provides a useful environment for the genome replication of many different HPVs, including the betapapillomaviruses HPV5 and HPV8. Using mutation...

It is well known that anomaly cancellations for D16 Lie algebra are at the root of the first string revolution. For E8 Lie algebra, cancellation of anomalies is the principal fact leading to the existence of heterotic string. They are in fact nothing but the 6th order cohomologies of corresponding Lie algebras. Beyond 6th order, the calculations seem to require special care and it could be that...

We study F-theory duals of six dimensional heterotic vacua in extreme regions of moduli space where the heterotic string is very strongly coupled. We demonstrate how to use orientifold limits of these F-theory duals to regain a perturbative string description. As an example, we reproduce the spectrum of a T /ZZ4 orientifold as an F-theory vacuum with a singular K3 fibration. We relate this vacu...

We show how the level matching condition in six dimensional, abelian and supersymmetric orbifolds of the E8 × E8 heterotic string can be given equivalently in terms of fractional gauge and gravitational instanton numbers. This relation is used to restate the classification of the orbifolds in terms of flat bundles away from the orbifold singularities under the constraint of the level matching c...

We present analytic expressions for the single particle excitation energies of the 8 quasi-particles in the lattice E8 Ising model and demonstrate that all excitations have an extended Brillouin zone which, depending on the excitation, ranges from 0 < P < 4π to 0 < P < 12π. These are compared with exact diagonalizations for systems through size 10 and with the E8 fermionic representations of th...

We studied the emission of mutants of the red fluorescent protein DsRed by room temperature single molecule fluorescence spectroscopy. Bulk samples of the DsRed variant E8 show mixed green and red fluorescence of equivalent intensities individually spectrally similar to arrested green and mature red fluorescent forms of DsRed. Investigations at the single molecule level indicate that, like DsRe...

We present the algebraic framework for the quantization of the classical bosonic charge algebra of maximally extended (N = 16) supergravity in two dimensions, thereby taking the first steps towards an exact quantization of this model. At the core of our construction is the Yangian algebra Y (e8) whose RTT presentation we discuss in detail. The full symmetry algebra is a centrally extended twist...

We discuss the appearance of E8 × E8 gauge bosons in Banks, Fischler, Shenker, and Susskind’s zero brane quantum mechanics approach to M theory, compactified on the interval S/Z2. The necessary bound states of zero branes are proven to exist by a straightforward application of T-duality and heterotic Spin(32)/Z2-Type I duality. We then study directly the zero brane Hamiltonian in Type I ′ theor...

Sepsis and ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury are among the leading causes of death in critically ill patients at the surgical intensive care unit setting. Both conditions are marked by the excessive inflammatory response which leads to a lethal disease complex such as acute lung injury, systemic inflammatory response syndrome and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. Despite the advances in the ...