BACKGROUND Tungsten carbide nanoparticles are being explored for their use in the manufacture of hard metals. To develop nanoparticles for broad applications, potential risks to human health and the environment should be evaluated and taken into consideration. OBJECTIVE We aimed to assess the toxicity of well-characterized tungsten carbide (WC) and cobalt-doped tungsten carbide (WC-Co) nanopa...

Objective To exploit material decomposition analysis in dual-energy spectral computed tomography (CT) to assess the blood supply status of the ground-glass opacity (GGO) in lungs. Materials and Methods This retrospective study included 48 patients with lung adenocarcinoma, who underwent a contrast-enhanced dual-energy spectral CT scan before treatment (53 GGOs in total). The iodine concentrat...

BACKGROUND Waist circumference (WC) is used as a risk assessment for metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease (CVD). WC consists of visceral fat area (VFA), subcutaneous fat area (SFA), muscle, intramuscular fat, viscera, and bone. Each component of the WC may differ between the sexes and generations, even if they have the same WC. However, this has not been measured in an epide...

BACKGROUND While body mass index percentiles (BMI%) are commonly used to assess childhood cardiovascular risk, waist circumference percentiles (WC%) are not commonly used nor universally accepted. We tested whether BMI% or WC% should be used to identify risk factor patterns in children at high-risk for developing cardiovascular disease (CVD). A total of 107 children (8-19 years) with cardiovasc...

Thermal sprayed HVOF WC-based cermet coatings containing various metallic binders have been used in several different applications industries that require abrasive sliding wear resistance, such as hydraulic pistons, shafts or bearings. The potential dangerousness and cost increase off cobalt-based binders, underlining the challenge reducing reliance on this metal binder resistant coatings. pres...

We review the properties of carbon-sequence ([WC]) Wolf-Rayet central stars of planetary nebulae (CSPNe). Differences between the subtype distribution of [WC] stars and their massive WC cousins are discussed. We conclude that [WO]-type differ from early-type [WC] stars as a result of weaker stellar winds due to high surface gravities, and that lateand early-type [WC] and [WO] stars generally sp...

BACKGROUND Waist circumference (WC) is a sensitive marker for abdominal obesity in the pediatric age group. However, WC is influenced by age, sex, ethnicity and body mass index (BMI), causing difficulties in the selection of the most appropriate cut-off value. Considering the lack of reference values in Germany, we developed age- and gender-specific WC smoothed reference curves in German childr...

The sintering of hardmetal in the solid state is studied. The influence of the WC particle size on the sintering kinetics, the role of the binder phase in the densification process and how sintering depends on the heating conditions are investigated. It is observed that alloys with different WC particle size show quite different structural evolution during sintering, although the densification ...

Brain edema is suggested to be the principal mechanism underlying the symptoms in acute hyponatremia. Identification of the mechanisms responsible for global and regional cerebral water homeostasis during hyponatremia is, therefore, of utmost importance. To examine the osmotic behavior of different brain regions and muscles, in vivo-determined water content (WC) was related to plasma sodium con...

BACKGROUND Waist circumference (WC) is used to indirectly measure abdominal adipose tissue and the associated risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Because of its easy implementation and low cost, self-measured WC is commonly used as a screening tool. However, discrepancies between self-measured and objectively measured WC may result in misclassification of i...