The stx-flanking regions of 49 Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli strains and nine Shigella dysenteriae serotype 1 strains containing either stx, stx(1), stx(2), or stx(2) variant genes, were examined. We analyzed these regions by PCR using a set of primers with one primer specific for the respective stx gene and a second primer complementary to sequences of Stx phages H-19B and 933W. We fu...

Through the Backyard Worlds: Planet 9 citizen science project, we have identified a wide-separation (∼10', ∼9900 au projected) substellar companion to nearby (∼17.5 pc), mid-M dwarf Ross 19. We developed new formalism for determining chance alignment probabilities based on BANYAN Σ tool, and find 100% probability that this is physically associated pair. detailed examination of 19A, system metal...