Environmental enrichment (EE) refers to the provision of a complex and stimulating housing condition which improves well-being, behaviour and brain function of laboratory animals. The mechanisms behind these beneficial effects of EE are only partially understood. In the current report, we describe a link between EE and neuropeptide Y (NPY), based on findings from NPY knockout (KO) mice exposed ...

BACKGROUND Despite current advances in diagnostics and medicines, the incidence of lung cancer is increasing and effective treatment is very challenging. Traditional herbal formulae as well as many herbal plant extracts have been recognized as attractive sources for novel multi-targeted therapy of cancer with minimal side effects. METHODS The ethanol extract of Kilkyung-baeksan (EE-KKBS) and ...

The brain's life-long capacity for experience-dependent plasticity allows adaptation to new environments or to changes in the environment, and to changes in internal brain states such as occurs in brain damage. Since the initial discovery by Hebb (1947) that environmental enrichment (EE) was able to confer improvements in cognitive behavior, EE has been investigated as a powerful form of experi...

In most studies regarding the improving or therapeutical effects induced by enriched environment (EE), EE was performed after the stress treatment or in patients with certain diseases. In the current study, the effects of chronic restraint stress (6h/day) in mice living in an enriched environment or standard environment (SE) were tested. Mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: non-stressed or...

RacoonWW is an event generator for ee → WW → 4 fermions(+γ) that includes full tree-level predictions for ee → 4f and ee → 4f + γ as well as O(α) corrections to ee → 4f in the so-called double-pole approximation. We briefly sketch the concept of the calculation on which this generator is based and present some numerical results.

Speakers: Aditya Gopalan (ECE, IISc Bengaluru) Ketan Rajawat (EE, IIT Kanpur) Amitabha Bagchi (CSE, IIT Delhi) Krishna Jagannathan (EE, IIT Madras) Anand Louis (CSA, IISc Bengaluru) Nikhil Karamchandani (EE, IIT Bombay) Avhishek Chatterjee (EE, IIT Madras) Piyush Srivastava (STCS, TIFR) Bruce Hajek (ECE, UIUC) Praneeth Netrapalli (MSR Bengaluru) Chandra Murthy (ECE, IISc Bengaluru) Rajesh Sunda...

Economic evaluation (EE)/cost effectiveness analysis(CEA) of healthcare programmes is an emerging area, yet the resource base to apprehend EE/CEA is very limited in Pakistan. This paper attempts to fill this gap by providing a basic text in the field of EE with special reference to Pakistan. We used four dimensional criteria (available, relevant, complete and accurate) for reviewing the EE cont...

Mathematical models for the dependence of energy expenditure (EE) on body mass and composition are essential tools in metabolic phenotyping. EE scales over broad ranges of body mass as a non-linear allometric function. When considered within restricted ranges of body mass, however, allometric EE curves exhibit 'local linearity.' Indeed, modern EE analysis makes extensive use of linear models. S...

We have a very limited knowledge about how the confinement mechanism works in processes like ee → qqg . . . g, when there are identical colour charges. In this case the partons can be connected by a string or a cluster chain in several different ways. We do not know if in such a situation Nature chooses a particular configuration at random, or if some configuration is dynamically favoured. Also...

Eccentric exercises (EE) have proved successful in the management of chronic tendinopathy, particularly of the Achilles and patellar tendons, where they have been shown to be effective in controlled trials. However, numerous questions regarding EE remain. The standard protocols are time-consuming and require very motivated patients. EE are effective in some tendinopathies but not others. Furthe...