PURPOSE Candida albicans is an opportunistic pathogen that is commonly found in human microflora. Biofilm formation (BF) is known as a major virulence factor of C. albicans. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of bacterial presence on biofilm formation of C. albicans. MATERIALS AND METHODS The BF of Candida was investigated when it was co-cultured with C. albicans (C. albicans ...

OBJECTIVE We determined the effect of clothing type on the validity of air-displacement plethysmography (ADP) to estimate percentage of body fat (%BF) and ascertain if these effects differ by body mass index (BMI). METHODS The %BF by dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and %BF, density, and body volume by ADP were assessed in 132 healthy adults classified by normal (N; 18.5-24.9 kg/m2), overweigh...

BF-30 is a single chain polypeptide of an N-segment with an α-helix from cathelicidin gene encoding, and it contains 30 amino acid residues, with a relative molecular mass and isoelectric point of 3637.54 and 11.79, respectively. Cathelicidin-BF-30 was entrapped in four-arm star-shaped poly(ethylene glycol-b-dl-lactic acid-co-glycolic acid) block copolymers (4-arm-PEG-PLGA) by a double-emulsion...

The basal forebrain (BF) contains major projections to the cerebral cortex, and plays a well-documented role in arousal, attention, decision-making, and in modulating cortical activity. BF neuronal degeneration is an early event in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and dementias, and occurs in normal cognitive aging. While the BF is best known for its population of cortically projecting cholinergic neur...

Non-invasive measurement of splanchnic hemodynamics has been utilized in the clinical setting for diagnosis of gastro-intestinal disease, and for determining reserve blood flow (BF) distribution. However, previous studies that measured BF in a "single vessel with small size volume", such as the superior mesenteric and coeliac arteries, were concerned solely with the target organ in the gastroin...

Background: Increasing attention has focused on the association between body fatness and related metabolic risk factors. The quantitative link between percentage body fat (%BF) and the risk of metabolic syndrome is unknown. Objectives: The objectives were to determine the risk [odds ratios (ORs)] of metabolic syndrome based on %BF in black and white men and women in the United States and to pro...

The aim of this study was to evaluate risk factors for biochemical failure (BF) following permanent prostate seed 125I brachytherapy for prostate cancer. The study reviewed the medical records of 607 patients with biopsy-proven prostate adenocarcinoma who were treated at Oulu University Hospital between 2001 and 2014. Clinical characteristics at diagnosis, treatment-related data and follow-up d...

BACKGROUND Body mass index (BMI) is the dominating weight-for-height index, but its validity as a body fat (BF) index has not been properly examined. OBJECTIVES Our aims were to establish and validate optimal weight-for-height indexes for predicting absolute and relative (percentage) amounts of BF, to examine whether other commonly available anthropometric variables or age could add to the pr...

Obesity among children and adults has become a highly recognized public health concern and there is an increasing need to discover causes and evaluate preventative measures. One putatively causal influence on obesity is breastfeeding (BF). The World Health Organization (WHO) recently published a report (WR) on 'Evidence of the Long-Term Effects of Breastfeeding: Systematic Reviews and Meta-Anal...

Background: Body mass index (BMI) is the dominating weightfor-height index, but its validity as a body fat (BF) index has not been properly examined. Objectives: Our aims were to establish and validate optimal weightfor-height indexes for predicting absolute and relative (percentage) amounts of BF, to examine whether other commonly available anthropometric variables or age could add to the pred...