Let fr n (k) be the number of 132-avoiding permutations on n letters that contain exactly r occurrences of 12 . . . k, and let Fr(x; k) and F (x, y; k) be the generating functions defined by Fr(x; k) = ∑ n>0 f r n (k)xn and F (x, y; k) = ∑ r>0 Fr(x; k)y r . We find an explcit expression for F (x, y; k) in the form of a continued fraction. This allows us to express Fr(x; k) for 1 6 r 6 k via Che...

Let fr n(k) be the number of 132-avoiding permutations on n letters that contain exactly r occurrences of 12 . . . k, and let Fr(x; k) and F (x, y; k) be the generating functions defined by Fr(x; k) = P n>0 f r n(k)x n and F (x, y; k) = P r>0 Fr(x; k)y r. We find an explicit expression for F (x, y; k) in the form of a continued fraction. This allows us to express Fr(x; k) for 1 6 r 6 k via Cheb...

BACKGROUND The present study concerns literacy and its underlying cognitive skills in Dutch children who differ in familial risk (FR) for dyslexia. Previous studies with FR-children were inconclusive regarding the performance of FR-children without dyslexia as compared to the controls. Moreover, van Bergen et al. (2011) recently showed that FR-children with and without dyslexia differed in pare...

We sought to determine if phytochrome B (phyB)-mediated responses to the red light (R)/far-red light (FR) ratio are affected by phytochrome A (phyA) activity in light-grown seedlings of Arabidopsis thaliana. Pulses of FR delayed into the dark period were less effective than end-of-day (EOD) FR in promoting hypocotyl growth over a given period in darkness. White light minus blue light interposed...

Variable durations of food restriction (FR; lasting weeks to years) and variable FR intensities are applied to animals in life span-prolonging studies. A reduction in mitochondrial proton leak is suggested as a putative mechanism linking such diet interventions and aging retardation. Early mechanisms of mitochondrial metabolic adaptation induced by FR remain unclear. We investigated the influen...

This study was initiated in order to investigate the anticancer and immunomodulating activities of crude polysaccharides extracted in methanol, neutral saline, and hot water (hereinafter referred to as Fr. MeOH, Fr. NaCl, and Fr. HW, respectively) from the fruiting bodies of Panellus serotinus. Content of β-glucan and protein in Fr. MeOH, Fr. NaCl, and Fr. HW extracts of P. serotinus ranged fro...

Rats subjected to early postnatal food restriction (FR) show persistent changes in energy balance. The hypothalamus plays a major role in the regulation of energy balance. Therefore, we hypothesized that early postnatal food restriction induces developmental programming of hypothalamic gene expression of neuropeptides involved in this regulation. In the hypothalamus of juvenile and middle-aged ...

Our objective was to determine if the severity of short-term feed restriction (FR) affects the timeline for recovery of the absorptive function of the reticulo-rumen and barrier function of the total gastrointestinal tract in beef cattle. Eighteen ruminally cannulated and ovariectomized Angus × Hereford heifers were housed in individual pens. Heifers were blocked by initial BW into 3 blocks and...

Ventilatory patterns and respiratory timing were measured in 14 subjects during cycling (CYC) and treadmill exercise (TM) at similar leg frequencies (fLEG) to determine if mode of exercise affects patterns of ventilation and respiratory timing. Measurements of breathing frequency (fR), tidal volume (VT), expired ventilation (VE), and inspiratory (TI) and expiratory (TE) time were obtained at fL...

Controlled tabular adjustment (CTA) is a relatively new protection technique for tabular data protection. CTA formulates a mixed integer linear programming problem, which is challenging for tables of moderate size. Even finding a feasible initial solution may be a challenging task for large instances. On the other hand, end users of tabular data protection techniques give priority to fast execu...