In mammals a single gene on the Y chromosome, Sry, controls testis formation. One of the earliest effects of Sry expression is the induction of somatic cell migration from the mesonephros into the XY gonad. Here we show that mesonephric cells are required for cord formation and male-specific gene expression in XY gonads in a stage-specific manner. Culturing XX gonads with an XY gonad at their s...

 In emergency department, physicians can diagnose pulseless electrical activity, asystole, pericardial effusions, ischemic heart disease, wall motion abnormalities, valvular cardiac disease volume status or global cardiac function evaluating with electrocardiographic findings or using bedside c...

A moderately retarded girl had a 47,XX,+der(18),t(9;18)(p24;q21)mat abnormality that was inherited from her mother, who had a 46,XX,t(9;18)(p24;q21) karyotype in most cells, and a minor cell line of 47,XX,+der(18),-t(9;18)(p24;q21). Her dysmorphic features--bilateral epicanthic folds, low-set, abnormal ears, low posterior hairline, clinodactyly of the 5th fingers, and broad great toes--were sim...

The distribution of XX and XY cells in XX----XY chimaeric mouse testes was analysed by enzyme marker analysis of separated testicular tissues and by in situ DNA marker analysis of air-dried testicular cells and testis sections. XX cells contributed to the Leydig cells, the peritubular cells and the vascularized connective tissue of the tunica albuginea. The Sertoli cells, on the other hand, app...

Authors’ Note: The authors would like to thank Julian Rappaport, Peggy Miller, and Cris Sullivan for comments on an earlier draft of this article and the advocates who generously participated in this study. This study was supported in part by a Feminist Scholarship Award from the Gender and Women’s Studies Program at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Violence Against Women Volume ...

Data are given on the amounts of antibody nitrogen precipitated in the crossreactions, often reciprocal, of the specific capsular polysaccharides of the pneumococcal type pairs II and XX, II and XIX, VII and XIV, VII and XVIII, VII and XIX, VIII and XVIII, VIII and XIX, X and XIV, and X and XX. Since little is known of the fine structures of the polysaccharides of Types VII, X, XIX, and XX, rig...

One hundred and sixty six children attending educationally subnormal/mild (ESN/M) schools were karyotyped as part of a project investigating the aetiology of mild mental retardation. Nine had significant chromosome abnormalities. Five of six children identified during the survey had no dysmorphic features--47,XXY (two), 48,XXYY, 46,XX 15q-, and 46,XX,t(X;19). One dysmorphic boy had a balanced t...

In previous work, Currie and Rampersad showed that the growth of the number of binary words avoiding the pattern xxx R was intermediate between polynomial and exponential. We now show that the same holds for the growth of the number of binary words avoiding the pattern xx R x. Curiously, the analysis for xx R x is much simpler than that for xxx R. We derive our results by giving a bijection bet...

Robertsonian translocations (RT’s) are present in 0.1% of the general population and 1% of the infertile population. Two types of RT’s occur more frequently than all others, being 45,XX,rob(13;14)(q10;q10) and 45,XX,rob(14;21)(q10;q10) respectively. In the present report, an uncommon RT in a female with spontaneous repeated abortions is reported. Cytogenetic analysis of a couple with repeated a...

Types of Partial Differential Equations • Transport equation: u x  x , y u y  x , y =0 , where u x= ∂u ∂ x , u y= ∂u ∂ y , and u x , y=? . • Shockwave equation: u x x , y u x , yu y  x , y=0 . • The vibrating string equation: u tt x , t =c 2 u xx x , t  , where ut= ∂ u ∂ t 2 and u xx= ∂ u ∂ x . The wave equation: utt x , y , z , t =c 2 u xx  x , y , z , t u yy x , y , z...