Introduction Intensive care unit-acquired weakness (ICU-AW) is a common consequence of critical illness, affecting between 25% and 100% of critical care patients.1,2 ICU-AW is a syndrome encompassing myopathic, neuropathic and atrophic changes, which clinically presents as profound weakness. Its presence can hinder and dictate the course of recovery, leading to protracted weaning from mechanica...

UNLABELLED Previous studies addressing pulmonary artery morphology have compared cases of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) to controls but none have compared demographic profiles, exposure to potentially hypoxic risk factors and other pathologic variables in SIDS cases grouped according to pulmonary artery medial smooth muscle thickness. AIMS To compare the relative medial thickness (RMT) ...

BACKGROUND Proportional assist ventilation+ (PAV+) delivers airway pressure (P aw) in proportion to patient effort (P mus) by using the equation of motion of the respiratory system. PAV+ calculates automatically respiratory mechanics (elastance and resistance); the work of breathing (WOB) is estimated by the ventilator. The accuracy of P mus estimation and hence accuracy of the delivered P aw a...

Work of breathing (WOB) increases during general anesthesia in adults, but such information has been limited in pediatric patients. We studied WOB in 24 healthy children (mean age 2+/-1.9 yrs), during elective urogenital surgery under 1 minimum alveolar anesthetic concentration halothane-nitrous oxide anesthesia with a caudal block while breathing spontaneously. WOB was measured with an esophag...

Zearalenone (ZEN) contamination from Fusarium graminearum colonization is particularly important in food and feed wheat, especially during post-harvest storage with legislative limits for both food and feed grain. Indicators of the relative risk from exceeding these limits would be useful. We examined the effect of different water activities (aw; 0.95-0.90) and temperature (10-25 °C) in natural...

background and objectives: the quality of cakes made of wheat flour depends on the quantity and quality of its gluten proteins however, these proteins may have side effects for some people, including the patients with celiac, and the only way to cure this disease is to take a lifelong gluten-free diet. materials and methods: this research aims to produce gluten- free cake by using rice flour an...

The acoustic emission (AE) technique was used to develop a method for the objective evaluation of crispness porous foods. six types commercial foods changed by controlling their moisture contents at levels varying humidity (i.e., dry, 22, 43, 56, 68, and 81 % relative humidity) storage environment 25 °C. As sample with high water activity (aw) expected deteriorate, physicochemical, mechanical, ...

BACKGROUND Previous in vivo data suggest that high airway resistance (R(aw)) promotes dynamic hyperinflation, especially when coupled to high minute ventilation (V(E)). However, no studies have systematically examined the relative effects of various mechanical parameters on dynamic hyperinflation. METHODS Intrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEPi) was measured with a ventilator-lung m...