in an ultrathin (Ga,Mn)As/(Ga,Mn)(As,P) bilayer T. Niazi, M. Cormier, D. Lucot, L. Largeau, V. Jeudy, 3 J. Cibert, and A. Lemâıtre Laboratoire de Photonique et de Nanostructures, CNRS, 91460 Marcoussis, France Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, Université Paris-Sud – CNRS, 91405 Orsay, France Université Cergy-Pontoise, 95000 Cergy-Pontoise, France. Institut Néel, CNRS – Université Joseph Four...

Current gibberellin (GA) research indicates that GA must be perceived in plant nuclei by its cognate receptor, GIBBERELLIN INSENSITIVE DWARF1 (GID1). Recognition of GA by GID1 relieves the repression mediated by the DELLA protein, a model known as the GID1-DELLA GA perception system. There have been reports of potential GA-binding proteins in the plasma membrane that perceive GA and induce α-am...

N-terminally substituted lysine derivatives of gramicidin A (gA), [Lys1]gA and [Lys3]gA, but not glutamate- or aspartate-substituted peptides have been previously shown to cause the leakage of carboxyfluorescein from liposomes. Here, the leakage induction was also observed for [Arg1]gA and [Arg3]gA, while [His1]gA and [His3]gA were inactive at neutral pH. The Lys3-containing analogue with all t...

Acquiring iron (Fe) is critical to the metabolism and growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Disruption of Fe metabolism is a potential approach for novel antituberculous therapy. Gallium (Ga) has many similarities to Fe. Biological systems are often unable to distinguish Ga(3+) from Fe(3+). Unlike Fe(3+), Ga(3+) cannot be physiologically reduced to Ga(2+). Thus, substituting Ga for Fe in the ac...

The levels of endogenous gibberellin A(1) (GA(1)), GA(3), GA(4), GA(9), and a cellulase hydrolyzable GA(9) conjugate in needles and shoot stems of mature grafts of Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis [Bong.] Carr.) grown under environmental conditions that were either inductive, hot, and dry, or noninductive, cool, and wet, for flowering, were estimated by combined gas chromatography-mass spectromet...

Gibberellin (GA) signalling during pumpkin male flower development is highly regulated, including biosynthetic, perception, and transduction pathways. GA 20-oxidases, 3-oxidases, and 2-oxidases catalyse the final part of GA synthesis. Additionally, 7-oxidase initiates this part of the pathway in some cucurbits including Cucurbita maxima L. (pumpkin). Expression patterns for these GA-oxidase-enc...

Elongation of hypocotyls of sunflower can be promoted by gibberellins (GAs) and inhibited by ethylene. The role of these hormones in regulating elongation was investigated by measuring changes in both endogenous GAs and in the metabolism of exogenous [(3)H]- and [(2)H(2)]GA(20) in the hypocotyis of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L. cv Delgren 131) seedlings exposed to ethylene. The major biologic...