Release 8 (hereinafter referred to as “LTE Rel. 8”) specifications [1][2] which completed standardization by the 3GPP in the spring of 2009. LTE Rel. 8 adopts various high-level radio interface technologies such as orthogonal multi-access, frequency-domain scheduling and Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) *2 , and provides even higher system capacity and cell edge user throughput than High S...

The number of Wireless Internet Broadband users in the Middle East was emerged due to the advances of Mobile technologies. For example, 3.5G (beyond third generation) provides very advanced services such as high wireless internet speed and good quality video/voice telephone calls. In developing countries, this service is still at the initial phase. There are still some obstacles facing people o...

Cyanobacteria constitute a heterogeneous phylum of oxygen-producing, photosynthetic prokaryotes. They are susceptible to various stress conditions like heat, salt, or light stress, all inducing the cyanobacterial heat shock response (HSR). Cyanobacterial small heat shock proteins (sHsps) are known to preserve thylakoid membrane integrity under stress conditions, thereby protecting the photosynt...

This thesis is concerned with signal processing for improving the performance of wireless communication receivers for well-established cellular networks such as the GSM/EDGE and WCDMA/HSPA systems. The goal of doing so, is to improve the end-user experience and/or provide a higher system capacity by allowing an increased reuse of network resources. To achieve this goal, one must first understan...

Microcystins (MCs) are the most commonly-reported hepatotoxins produced by various cyanobacterial taxa in fresh waters to constitute a potential threat to human and animal health. The biological role of MCs in the producer organisms is not known, and it would be very useful to understand the driving force behind the toxin production. Recent studies have suggested that MCs may have a protective ...

Helicobacter pylori persists in the human stomach despite eliciting both cellular and humoral immune responses and inducing proinflammatory cytokines. To determine whether local humoral and cytokine responses are related to each other and to histologic responses, we studied 66 Japanese patients who underwent gastroscopy. Using specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, we examined gastric ant...

The neurotoxicity induced by the mitochondrial inhibitor 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NPA) is associated with a decrease of ATP synthesis and an increase of free radical production which can lead to apoptosis or necrosis. We have used the PC12, neuron-like rat pheochromocytoma cell line, to study further the mechanism of 3-NPA-evoked neurotoxicity and the effects of acetyl-L-carnitine (ALC) which h...

Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 is a widely used model cyanobacterium for studying responses and acclimation to different abiotic stresses. Changes in transcriptome, proteome, lipidome, and photosynthesis in response to short term heat stress are well studied in this organism, and histidine kinase 34 (Hik34) is shown to play an important role in mediating such response. Corresponding data on long te...

Following the successful standardization of highspeed packet access (HSPA), the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) recently specified the universal mobile telecommunications system (UMTS) terrestrial radio-access network — or UTRAN — long term evolution (LTE) to meet the increasing performance requirements of mobile broadband. The result includes a flexible and spectrally efficient radio...

It is valuable to extend genotyping studies of Helicobacter pylori to strains from indigenous communities across the world to better define adaption, evolution, and associated diseases. We aimed to genetically characterize both human individuals and their infecting H. pylori from indigenous communities of Mexico, and to compare them with those from other human groups. We studied individuals fro...