The effects of solar variability on regional climate time series were examined using a sequence of physical connections between total solar irradiance (TSI) modulated by galactic cosmic rays (GCRs), and ocean and atmospheric patterns that affect precipitation and streamflow. The solar energy reaching the Earth’s surface and its oceans is thought to be controlled through an interaction between T...

Menstrual blood loss was measured in 80 apparently healthy women aged 15-44 years. The study showed a median menstrual blood loss of 37.1 ml per period and the range was from 5.4-169.0 ml. With an average menstrual cycle of 29 days and a mean hemoglobin content of 12.8 g/dl the average iron loss was estimated to be about 0.55 mg/day. The simultaneous effects of menstrual iron loss and dietary i...

BACKGROUND Level of the testosterone in a man's life span is very important. Studies on the serum testosterone concentrations in different age groups of healthy men were controversial. The aim of this study was to investigate dynamic changes of serum reproductive hormones with aging in healthy Chinese male and to compare its correlation with age. METHODS Total of 1,093 healthy Chinese men fro...

Extrinsic resistance due to lateral extension doping profile can become a performance-limiter in ultrathin body Double-Gate FETs (DGFET). Historically, the intrinsic gate capacitance dominates the capacitance while the channel resistance dominates the total resistance. With devices reduced to nanometer scale, parasitic capacitances and extrinsic resistances significantly affect the device delay...

To know the relation between NaCl concentration and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) production by MY Phenomenon of Salmonella, we developed a method to control H2S production by Salmonella in this study. Desoxycholate-hydrogen sulfide-lactose (DHL) agar was used as the selective medium for Salmonella. Triple sugar iron (TSI) agar was used as the screening medium. Citric acid disks were placed on DHL aga...

Although the origin and domestication process of foxtail millet (Setaria italica subsp. italica (L.) P. Beauv.) has been studied by several groups, the issue is still ambiguous. It is essential to resolve this issue by studying a large number of accessions with sufficient markers covering the entire genome. Genetic structures were analyzed by transposon display (TD) using 425 accessions of foxt...

We use a flux transport model to simulate the evolution of the Sun’s total and open magnetic flux over the last 26 solar cycles (1713–1996). Polar field reversals are maintained by varying the meridional flow speed between 11 and 20 m s , with the poleward-directed surface flow being slower during low-amplitude cycles. If the strengths of the active regions are fixed but their numbers are taken...

Water quality is an important factor to consider when attempting to reconcile mathematical optimisation modellingwith the physical reality of water-resource systems. In particular, when the greater part of water resources in supply systems comes from artificial reservoirs, as in Mediterranean regions, a simplified approach based on the attribution of the trophic state of reservoirs can be devel...

Efflux transporters expressed in the apical membrane of intestinal enterocytes have been implicated in drug oral absorption. The current study presents a strategy and tools to quantitatively predict the impact of efflux on oral absorption for new chemical entities (NCEs) in early drug discovery. Sixty-three marketed drugs with human absorption data were evaluated in the Caco-2 bidirectional per...