Venous reflux in the internal jugular vein branches (JB) was found frequently in patients of certain neurologic disorders. We hypothesized that the retrograde-flow in JB is associated with retrograde hypertension transmitted from the internal jugular vein (IJV), which presumably underlies those neurologic disorders. In this study, we used color-Doppler imaging to evaluate the dynamic venous flo...

Invasive species' facilitation, or benefiting, of native species is rarely considered in biological invasion literature but could have serious economic consequences should a non-native herbivore facilitate injury by a native pest of high-value crops. Japanese beetle (JB), Popillia japonica, a polyphagous scarab, facilitates feeding by the obligate fruit-feeding native green June beetle (GJB), C...

Mounting evidence supports the influence of the gut microbiome on the local enteric nervous system and its effects on brain chemistry and relevant behavior. Vagal afferents are involved in some of these effects. We previously showed that ingestion of the probiotic bacterium Lactobacillus rhamnosus (JB-1) caused extensive neurochemical changes in the brain and behavior that were abrogated by pri...

OBJECTIVE To determine the nutritional status and household resources of preschool children. DESIGN A cross-sectional survey. SETTING : Two informal settlement areas, Joe Slovo (JS) and JB Mafora (JBM) in Mangaung, near Bloemfontein, South Africa. SUBJECTS Preschool children (<72 months) of a randomly selected sample of households in JS (experimental) (n = 162) and JBM (control) (n = 186)...

Aberrantly active NF-jB complexes can contribute to tumorigenesis by regulating genes that promote the growth and survival of cancer cells. We have investigated NF-jB during the cell cycle and find that its ability to regulate the G1-phase expression of key proto-oncogenes is subject to regulation by the integrated activity of IjB kinase (IKK)a, IKKb, Akt and Chk1. The coordinated binding of NF...

Estradiol and progesterone induction of the LH surge in ovariectomized female rats requires concurrent activation of brain insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) receptors. The present study determined whether brain IGF1 receptor signaling is required for estrous cyclicity in gonadally intact female rats. A selective IGF1 receptor antagonist (JB-1) or vehicle was continuously administered into the...

Hfq Virulence Regulation in Enterohemorrhagic 1 Escherichia coli O157:H7 Strain 86-24 2 3 Running title: Hfq Virulence Regulation in EHEC Strain 86-24 4 5 Melissa M. Kendall, Charley C. Gruber, David A. Rasko, David T. Hughes, & Vanessa 6 Sperandio 7 1 Department of Microbiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, 8 Dallas, Texas, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., 75390-9048, U.S....

Chemotaxis is the consequence of environmental factors engaging their receptors to initiate signaling cascades. However, the biochemical mechanisms controlling this phenomenon are not clear. We employed an in vitro modified Boyden 48-well chemotaxis migration system to characterize the role of signal transducers in type IV collagen (CIV) induced A2058 human melanoma cell migration. Using specif...