The analysis and optimization of single intelligent reflecting surface (IRS)-assisted systems have been extensively studied, whereas little is known regarding multiple-IRS-assisted systems. This paper investigates the a double-IRS cooperatively assisted downlink system (D-IRS-C), where multi-antenna base station (BS) serves single-antenna user with help two multi-element IRSs, connected by an i...

The pathogenesis of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) includes the development of insulin resistance and, at a later stage, impairment of b-cell response. In the past few years, different elements, including the proto-oncogene, Shc, and the insulin receptor substrate (IRS) proteins, have been found to have important roles in the insulin signaling network. Whithers et al. (1) have ...

IRS-III is the first WSMO compliant system for supporting the Semantic Web Services technologies and it is based on the IRS-II [3]. This paper presents how we integrated the OWL-S [5] service description ontology to IRS-III. We describe how the underlying model of IRS-III supports OWL-S.

The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) integrates signals from nutrients and insulin via two distinct complexes, mTORC1 and mTORC2. Disruption of mTORC2 impairs the insulin-induced activation of Akt, an mTORC2 substrate. Here, we found that mTORC2 can also regulate insulin signaling at the level of insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1). Despite phosphorylation at the mTORC1-mediated serine sit...

OBJECTIVE Insulin receptor substrate-2 (IRS-2) plays an essential role in pancreatic islet β-cells by promoting growth and survival. IRS-2 turnover is rapid in primary β-cells, but its expression is highly regulated at the transcriptional level, especially by glucose. The aim was to investigate the molecular mechanism on how glucose regulates IRS-2 gene expression in β-cells. RESEARCH DESIGN ...

Imaging polarimetry of the 850 km continuum emission in the NGC 7538 region, obtained with the SCUBA Polarimeter, is presented. The polarization map is interpreted in terms of thermal radiation by magnetically aligned dust grains. Two prominent cores associated with IRS 1 and IRS 11, IRS 1(SMM), and IRS 11(SMM), are found in the surface brightness map. Although these cores look similar in surfa...

Vascular permeability factor/vascular endothelial growth factor (VPF/VEGF), the critical molecule in tumor angiogenesis, is regulated by different stimuli, such as hypoxia and oncogenes, and also by growth factors. Previously we have shown that in AsPC-1 pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells, insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-IR) regulates VPF/VEGF expression. Insulin receptor substrate-1 and ...

Context. IRAS 20343+4129 was suggested to harbor one of the most massive and embedded stars in the Cygnus OB2 association, IRS 1, which seemed to be associated with a north-south molecular outflow. However, the dust emission peaks do not coincide with the position of IRS 1, but lie on either side of another massive Young Stellar Object (YSO), IRS 3, which is associated with centimeter emission....

Insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-1 protein expression is markedly reduced in many insulin-resistant states, although the mechanism for this downregulation is unclear. In this study, we have investigated the early events in the insulin pathway that trigger the degradation of IRS-1. Incubation of the adipocytes with insulin induced a fast electrophoretic mobility shift of IRS-1 and a subsequent d...

We investigated the possible interplay between insulin and glucose signaling pathways in rat pancreatic beta-cell with a special focus on the role of glucose in IRS signaling in vivo. Three groups of rats were constituted by combining simultaneous infusion during 48 h either of glucose and/or insulin, or glucose+diazoxide: Hyperglycemic-Hyperinsulinemic (HGHI), euglycemic-Hyperinsulinemic (eGHI...