BACKGROUND Particulate matter ≤ 2.5 μm in aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5) has been variably associated with preterm birth (PTB). OBJECTIVE We classified PTB into four categories (20-27, 28-31, 32-34, and 35-36 weeks completed gestation) and estimated risk differences (RDs) for each category in association with a 1-μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 exposure during each week of gestation. METHODS We assem...

Background INtubate-SURfactant-Extubate (INSURE) method is one of the effective methods in treatment of infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). This study was performed to predict risk factors for the failure of  INSURE method in treatment of RDS in preterm infants. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 192 infants who born between July 2011 and April 2016 at women and...

OBJECTIVES To compare two methods for sampling female sex workers (FSWs) for bio-behavioural surveillance. We compared the populations of sex workers recruited by the venue-based Priorities for Local AIDS Control Efforts (PLACE) method and a concurrently implemented network-based sampling method, respondent-driven sampling (RDS), in Liuzhou, China. METHODS For the PLACE protocol, all female w...

BACKGROUND South Africa continues to witness an increase in illicit poly-substance use, although a precise measurement continues to be compounded by difficulties in accessing users. In a pilot attempt to use respondent-driven sampling (RDS)-a chain referral sampling method used to access populations of individuals who are 'hard-to-reach'-this article documents the feasibility of the method as r...

There is increasing interest in the stabilization of heavy metals in road-derived sediments (RDS), to enable environmentally responsible reuse applications and circumvent the need for costly landfill disposal. To reduce the mobility of heavy metals (i.e. Cu, Pb and Zn) the effectiveness of amendments using phosphate, compost and fly ash addition were investigated using batch leaching experiment...

Objective: To determine the outcome of preterm neonates with early introduction bubble continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). Methodology: This observational study was conducted in NICU Shifa International Hospital, Islamabad from March 2017 to August 2017. Ninety infants were enrolled a gestational age 28 37 weeks and clinical features Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS). Infant variables...

Surfactant protein B (SP-B) deficiency has become increasingly recognized as a cause of severe prolonged respiratory distress. However, little has been reported with regard to the genetic variability of SP-B in Chinese infants with neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). One case of a Chinese male infant with neonatal RDS was analyzed for clinical manifestation and genetic variability of ...

A plane lying in depth is vividly perceived by viewing a random-dot stereogram (RDS) with a slight binocular disparity. Perception of a plane-in-depth is lost by reversing the contrast of dots seen by one of the eyes to generate an anticorrelated RDS. From a computational perspective, the visual system cannot find a globally consistent solution for matching the left and right eye images of an a...

We introduced a targeted single base deletion at codon 307 of the rds-peripherin gene in mice, similar mutations being known to cause autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa (RP) in man. Histopathological and electroretinographic analysis indicate that the retinopathy in mice homozygous for the codon 307 mutation appears more rapid than that in the naturally occurring null mutant, the rds(-/-) ...

This study aimed at exploring the expression of Surfactant protein-C (SP-C) and Ki67 in autopsy lung tissues of premature infants dying from respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) who were exposed to mechanical ventilation and elevated oxygen concentrations. The possible influence of pulmonary surfactant (PS) on the expression of SP-C and Ki67 was also investigated. Thirty preterm infants were sel...