OBJECTIVE To identify which linear, angular and proportionality measures could influence a profile to be considered esthetically pleasant or unpleasant, and to assess sexual dimorphism. METHODS 150 standardized facial profile photographs of dental students of both sexes were obtained and printed on photographic paper. Ten plastic surgeons, ten orthodontists and ten layperson answered a questi...

In this paper we consider the generalized Catalan numbers F (s, n) = 1 (s−1)n+1 ( sn n ) , which we call s-Catalan numbers. For p prime, we find all positive integers n such that p divides F (p, n), and also determine all distinct residues of F (p, n) (mod p), q ≥ 1. As a byproduct we settle a question of Hough and the late Simion on the divisibility of the 4-Catalan numbers by 4. In the second...

The present investigation aims to study the intraspecific diversity of thirteen faba bean genotypes (Vicia faba L. 2n=12) and to determine some selection criteria for plant breeding. Five yield parameters were studied: plant height (H), branch number per plant (BN/Pl), pod number per plant (PN/Pl), seed number per pod (SN/P) and yield per plant (Y/Pl). With a few exceptions, significant variabi...

Intrinsic transverse momentum (kT) plays an important role in the quark distribution functions ~DF’s! used to describe a polarized nucleon @1,2#. For the leading ~twist-two! part of the deep inelastic scattering cross section one already needs six DF’s to describe the quark state in a polarized nucleon. They depend on x and kT 2 , which parametrize the quark momentum in a nucleon with momentum ...

Two-state models provide phenomenological descriptions of many different systems, ranging from physics to chemistry and biology. We investigate work fluctuations in an ensemble of two-state systems driven out of equilibrium under the action of an external perturbation. We calculate the probability density PN (W ) that a work equal to W is exerted upon the system (of size N) along a given non-eq...

In April 2001 SN1993J was observed with both the PN and MOS cameras of the XMM-Newton observatory, resulting in about 7 × 10 4 s of acceptable observation time. Fit results with both the PN and MOS2 camera spectra studying different spectral models are presented. The spectra are best fitted in the energy range between 0.3 and ∼ 10 keV by a 2-component thermal model with temperatures of kT1 = 0....

If we know the probabilities p1; : : : ; pn of diierent situations s1; : : : ; sn, then we can choose a decision Ai for which the expected beneet Ci = p1 ci1 + : : : + pn cin takes the largest possible value, where cij denotes the beneet of decision Ai in situation sj. In many real life situations, however, we do not know the exact values of the probabilities pj; we only know the intervals pj =...

Abstract Variations in seismic velocities are essential in developing a better understanding of continental plate tectonics. Fortunately, the USArray has provided an excellent set of regional phases from the recent M5.6 Oklahoma earthquake (6 November 2011, Table 1) that can be used for such studies. Its strike-slip mechanism produced an extraordinary set of tangential recordings extending to t...

Tin monosulfide (SnS) is a naturally p-type semiconductor with a layered crystal structure, but no reliable n-type SnS has been obtained by conventional aliovalent ion substitution. In this work, carrier polarity conversion to n-type was achieved by isovalent ion substitution for polycrystalline SnS thin films on glass substrates. Substituting Pb(2+) for Sn(2+) converted the majority carrier fr...