Plasma and magnetic ®eld data from the Helios 1/2 spacecraft have been used to investigate the structure of magnetic clouds (MCs) in the inner heliosphere. 46 MCs were identi®ed in the Helios data for the period 1974±1981 between 0.3 and 1 AU. 85% of the MCs were associated with fast-forward interplanetary shock waves, supporting the close association between MCs and SMEs (solar mass ejections)...

OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to describe the effect of motor cortex stimulation (MCS) on pain thresholds in deafferentated rats. SETTINGS AND DESIGN The effect of MCS was studied in 18 deafferentated and 14 intact laboratory rats, using a standardised plantar test and tail-flick latencies. Two inoxious stimulation electrodes were implanted subdurally over the cerebral cortex and a C5-T...

The paper introduces the model confidence set (MCS) and applies it to the selection of forecasting models. A MCS is a set of models that is constructed such that it will contain the ’best’ forecasting model, given a level of confidence. Thus, a MCS is analogous to a confidence interval for a parameter. The MCS acknowledges the limitations of the data, such that uninformative data yields a MCS w...

Fibrotic diseases display mesenchymal cell (MC) activation with pathologic deposition of matrix proteins such as collagen. Here we investigate the role of mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) and mTORC2 in regulating MC collagen expression, a hallmark of fibrotic disease. Relative to normal MCs (non-Fib MCs), MCs derived from fibrotic human lung allografts (Fib-MCs) demonstrated increased phosphoinositide-3...

Granule cells (GCs) of the dentate gyrus (DG) are considered to be quiescent—they rarely fire action potentials. In contrast, the other glutamatergic cell type in the DG, hilar mossy cells (MCs) often have a high level of spontaneous activity based on recordings in hippocampal slices. MCs project to GCs, so activity in MCs could play an important role in activating GCs. Therefore, we investigat...

In this study, we examined the efficacy of human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells (hUCB-MCs), genetically modified with the VEGF and GDNF genes using adenoviral vectors, on posttraumatic regeneration after transplantation into the site of spinal cord injury (SCI) in rats. Thirty days after SCI, followed by transplantation of nontransduced hUCB-MCs, we observed an improvement in H (latency...

As covert socio-cultural relations have significant effects on language, these norms are reflected in linguistic and generic structure of public death notices as a distinctive genre. This study intended to identify the different genres of death notices (e.g. memorial advertisements, obituaries, funeral announcements/posters, memorial cards, etc.) and to conduct a comparative genre analysis of m...

STUDY DESIGN A radiological study of type II Modic changes (MCs). OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to determine the characteristics of type II MCs on fat suppression (FS) magnetic resonance (MR) images and its association with radiological disc degeneration. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Type II MCs are common endplate signal changes on MR images. On the basis of limited histological sampl...

Rodent mast cells (MCs) are reported to play a pivotal role in both innate and adaptive immunity. However, there is so far no evidence that human MCs are involved in innate immunity. We found that a functional Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) was expressed on human MCs when it was up-regulated by interferon (IFN). To systematically explore how human MCs modulate the immune system following TLR4-medi...

Purpose Diagnostic error is common among patients with vegetative state (VS) and minimally conscious state (MCS). The purpose of this article is to use three-dimensional pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling (pcASL) to compare cerebral blood flow (CBF) patterns in patients in MCS with those in VS. Methods Patients meeting MCS and VS criteria were identified. Two post-labeling delay (PLD) t...