The following ‘constraint matrix span problem’ arises in the assignment of radio channels in cellular communications systems. Given a graph G with a positive integer length l(xy) for each edge xy, and given a positive integer B, can we assign to each vertex x a channel (x) from 1; : : : ; B such that | (x)− (y)|¿ l(xy) for each edge xy? We show that this problem is NP-complete for graphs of tre...

This paper presents a method to improve the translation of polysemous nouns, leveraging on their previous occurrence as the head of a compound noun phrase. First, the occurrences are identified through pattern matching rules, which detect occurrences of an XY compound followed closely by a potentially coreferent occurrence of Y , such as “Mooncakes . . . cakes . . .”. Second, two strategies are...

The maskless photolithography device we developed requires no photomask, by modifying Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) projector optics from magnified to reduced projection. The second-generation device we developed produces a practical centimeter-scale micropattern by dividing a large mask pattern and divisionally exposing it synchronized with an auto-XY stage, applying it to cell micropattern and...

45,X/46,XY mosaic patients exhibit a wide phenotypic spectrum, ranging from normal females and females with Turner syndrome and normal males with mild hypospadias, to male or female pseudohermaphroditism (1). Prenatally diagnosed cases of 45,X/46,XY mosaicism represent an unbiased group. In over 90% of this group a normal male phenotype has been found. However, the postnatal diagnosis group is ...

We report the temperature (T) and perpendicular magnetic-field (B) dependence of the Hall resistivity rho(xy)(B) of dilute metallic 2D holes in GaAs over a broad range of temperature (0.02-1.25 K). The low B Hall coefficient, R(H), is found to be enhanced when T decreases. Strong magnetic fields further enhance the slope of rho(xy)(B) at all temperatures studied. Coulomb interaction corrections...

In the following we present an introduction to the mathematical theory of the XY spin chain. The importance of this model lies in the fact, first understood by Lieb, Schultz and Mattis in [4], that the XY spin chain is one of very few “exactly solvable” models in the theory of quantum many-body systems. Lieb, Schultz and Mattis considered the constant coefficient case. In the variable coefficie...

Given a group, there is a natural operation of conjugation, defined by x ∗ y = xyx−1. We study the variety generated by all G(∗), G a group. In particular, we are concerned about the question, whether this variety has finitely based equational theory. We study the equations satisfied by group conjugation. Strictly speaking, for a group G we put x∗y = xyx−1 for all x, y ∈ G and we ask, which equ...

Given that a graph G = (V, E). By an edge-antimagic vertex labeling of graph, we mean assigning labels on each under the label function f : V → {1, 2, . , |V (G)|} such associated weight edge uv ∈ E(G), namely w(xy) f(x) + f(y), has distinct weight. A path P in vertex-labeled is said to be rainbow if for every two edges xy, x′y ′ E(P) satisfies ̸= w(x ′y ). The called antimagic vertices x and y ...