Shared decision-making (SDM) invokes the bidirectional communication between physicians and patients required to involve the patient's preference in the eventual treatment choice. This paper will explain what SDM is, why it is important, and how it is performed in clinical practice. It is an essential part of evidence-based medicine, as it helps determine whether the available evidence on the p...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of using the Statin Choice decision aid to have discussions about starting a statin medication for cardiovascular risk reduction in Chinese patients with stable coronary artery diseases. METHODS A prospective, pilot study of the Statin Choice decision aid in two teaching hospitals in Northern China was conducted. A total of seve...

BACKGROUND Shared decision making (SDM) involves patients and doctors contributing as partners to treatment decisions. It is not known whether or to what extent SDM contributes to the welfare arising from a consultation, and how important this contribution is relative to other attributes of a consultation. AIM To identify patient preferences for SDM relative to other utility bearing attribute...

Plain English summary Tailoring and testing a peer support decision making strategy with First Nations, Inuit and Métis people making decisions about their cancer care: A study protocol.First Nations, Inuit and Métis (FNIM) people face higher risks for cancer compared to non-FNIM populations. They also face cultural barriers to health service use. Within non-FNIM populations an approach to heal...

Beamforming techniques based on sigma-delta modulation (SDM) have been proposed to reduce the hardware complexity of conventional multi-bit digital delay-sum beamformer, in which beamforming operation is performed upon over-sampled single bit sequences obtained by applying SDM to the received signals from each array elements. In conventional single bit SDM beamforming, the single bit sequence i...

Shared decision making (SDM), a collaborative process whereby patients and professionals make health care decisions together, is a cornerstone of ethical patient care. The patient-clinician communication necessary to achieve SDM depends on many factors, not the least of which is a shared language (sometimes with the aid of a medical interpreter). However, even when a patient and clinician are s...

Sparse distributed memory is an auto associative memory system that stores high dimensional Boolean vectors. Here we present an extension of the original SDM, the Integer SDM that uses modular arithmetic integer vectors rather than binary vectors. This extension preserves many of the desirable properties of the original SDM: auto associativity, content addressability, distributed storage, and r...

Abstract — This paper presents Space Division Multiplexing (SDM) as a technology to satisfy the user demand for ever higher bit rates in wireless Local area network technology. SDM uses multiple transmit and receive antennas to increase bit rate proportionally, without reducing range, delay spread tolerance and spectrum occupancy. The optimal SDM receiver is the maximum likelihood decoder, whic...

MIMO (multiple-input multiple-output) transmission is a promising technology to improve the frequency usage efficiency in mobile radio communications. In this letter, MIMO transmission with eigenbeam space division multiplexing (E-SDM) is focused on and the site-dependent beamforming characteristics is examined to know the transmission characteristics. Site-dependent radiowave direction of arri...