An early version of the Z Standard included the deductive system W for reasoning about Z specifications. Later versions contain a different deductive system. In this paper we sketch a proof that W is relatively sound with respect to this new deductive system. We do this by demonstrating a semantic basis for a correspondence between the two systems, then showing that each of the inference rules ...

Neuropeptide W (NPW), which was first isolated from the porcine hypothalamus, exists in two forms, consisting of 23 (NPW23) or 30 (NPW30) amino acids. These neuropeptides bind to one of two NPW receptors, either NPBWR1 (otherwise known as GPR7) or NPBWR2 (GPR8), which belong to the G protein-coupled receptor family. GPR7 is expressed in the brain and peripheral organs of both humans and rodents...

We use a unique firm-level panel data set of multinational parents and their foreign affiliates to analyze whether profits are shared across borders within multinational firms. Using both fixed-effects and generalized method-of-moments estimators, affiliate wage levels are estimated to respond to both affiliate and parent profitability. The elasticity of affiliate wages to parent profits per wo...

Inversion polymorphism is very common in Diptera (Da Cunha 1955). Its occurrence is generally interpreted as an effect of heterosis. The inversion heterozygotes have a selective advantage over the homozygotes. The relative selective value of the genotype depends on the viability and fertility of the phenotype it determines. Hitherto in the discussion of the inversion heterosis the problem of re...

It has been more than 20 years since Dr. Mattie Hendrick, a veterinary pathologist at the University of Pennsylvania, published her article titled “Postvaccinal sarcomas in the cat: Epidemiology and electron probe microanalytical identification of aluminum” in Cancer Research, first linking vaccination to sarcoma development (1). Dr. Hendrick initially brought her concerns to the forefront in 1...