The objective of this study was to evaluate and obtain mathematical models, using the experimental design methodology, capable predicting contamination benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene xylenes (BTEX) in cases oil spillage at sea, acute toxicity soluble petroleum fraction (FSA). factorial planning developed describe concentration each compound according variables: °API, contact time oil/seawater a...

In this study the full-scale operation of soil flushing with air sparging to improve the removal efficiency of petroleum at depths of less than 7 m at a military site in Korea was evaluated. The target area was polluted by multiple gasoline and diesel fuel sources. The soil was composed of heterogeneous layers of granules, sand, silt and clay. The operation factors were systemically assessed us...

[no abstract available]

The use of ethanol as an automotive fuel oxygenate represents potential economic and air-quality benefits. However, little is known about how ethanol may affect the natural attenuation of petroleum product releases. Chemostat experiments were conducted with four pure cultures (representing archetypes of the known aerobic toluene degradation pathways) to determine how ethanol affects benzene, to...

BACKGROUND Previous studies have reported positive associations between maternal exposure to air pollutants and several adverse birth outcomes. However, there have been no studies assessing the association between environmental levels of hazardous air pollutants, such as benzene, and neural tube defects (NTDs), a common and serious group of congenital malformations. OBJECTIVE Our goal was to ...

In Catalonia (northeast Spain), a monitoring program was carried out to determine methyl tert.-butyl ether (MTBE), its main degradation products, tert.-butyl alcohol (TBA), tert.-butyl formate (TBF), and other gasoline additives, the oxygenate dialkyl ethers ethyl tert.-butyl ether, tert.-amyl methyl ether and diisopropyl ether and the aromatic compounds benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylen...

The pyrolysis of the biomass Agave salmiana bagasse (10 K/min, ambient to 700 °C) was investigated in absence and presence Aerosil MCM-41 catalysts. synthetized using a typical hydrothermal method characterized with XRD, SAXS, SEM, TEM, nitrogen physisorption confirm unidimensional 3.4 nm diameter pores. Pyrolysis products were monitored online mass spectrometry (MS), analyzing production 29 di...

We at the Desert Research Institute (DRI*) measured volatile organic compounds (VOCs), including several mobile-source air toxics (MSATs), particulate matter with a mass mean aerodynamic diameter < or = 2.5 pm (PM2.5), black carbon (BC), nitrogen oxides (NOx), particulate matter (PM), and carbon monoxide (CO) on highways in Los Angeles County during summer and fall 2004, to characterize the diu...