The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) plays a fundamental role in regulating various biological activities. Ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCH-L1) is a deubiquitinating enzyme, belonging to the UPS. To date, it has been reported that UCH-L1 is highly and restrictedly expressed in neural and reproductive tissues and plays significant roles in these organs. Although the expression of UCH-L1 i...

Long interspersed element type 1 (LINE-1, L1) is a mobile genetic element comprising about 17% of the human genome, encoding a newly identified ORF0 with unknown function, ORF1p with RNA-binding activity and ORF2p with endonuclease and reverse transcriptase activities required for L1 retrotransposition. L1 utilizes an endonuclease (EN) to insert L1 cDNA into target DNA, which induces DNA double...

L1 neural cell adhesion molecule is the founding member of the L1 subfamily of the immunoglobulin superfamily and plays an important role in the overall development of both the central and peripheral nervous systems, making it an attractive candidate for promoting neural regeneration following injury. Currently, L1 used for experimental studies is primarily mammalian-derived; however, the insec...

L1, a neural cell adhesion molecule of the immunoglobulin superfamily, is involved in neuronal migration and differentiation and axon outgrowth and guidance. Mutations in the human and mouse L1 gene result in similarly severe neurological abnormalities. To dissociate the functional roles of L1 in the adult brain from developmental abnormalities, we have generated a mutant in which the L1 gene i...

Recently we reported that gene codon composition determines differentiation-dependent expression of the PV L1 genes in mouse primary keratinocytes (KCs) in vitro and in vivo (Zhao et al. 2005, Mol. Cell Biol. 25:8643-8655). Here, we investigated whether generalized substitution of isoencoding codons affects the duration of expression of PV L1 genes in mouse and human KCs in day 1 culture transi...

Human Long interspersed element-1 (L1) retrotransposons contain an internal RNA polymerase II promoter within their 5' untranslated region (UTR) and encode two proteins, (ORF1p and ORF2p) required for their mobilization (i.e., retrotransposition). The evolutionary success of L1 relies on the continuous retrotransposition of full-length L1 mRNAs. Previous studies identified functional splice don...

Blockade of the inhibitory PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint axis is a promising cancer treatment. Nonetheless, a significant number of patients and malignancies do not respond to this therapy. To develop a screen for response to PD-1/PD-L1 inhibition, it is critical to develop a non-invasive tool to accurately assess dynamic immune checkpoint expression. Here we evaluated non-invasive SPECT/CT imag...

مگس میوه زیتون، (Rossi) Bactrocera oleae حشره‌ای مونوفاژ بوده و مهمترین آفت زیتون در سرتاسر جهان بویژه کشورهای مدیترانه می‌باشد. این پژوهش به منظور مطالعه تغییرات جمعیت مراحل مختلف زندگی برخی ویژگی‌های زیست‌شناسی دو سال منطقه طارم سفلی استان قزوین انجام شد. نتایج بررسی نشان داد که حشره سفلی، سه تا پنج نسل دارد. زمستان را صورت حشرات کامل پناهگاه‌های ندرت شفیره زیر بقایای گیاهی خاک‌های نرم باغ‌ها...